ArticleNew microbes and new infections2023
Distribution of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in Ekiti and Ondo states, Nigeria.
Article in New microbes and new infections, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Tuberculosis mortality and drug resistance among patients under TB treatment before and during COVID-19 in Burundi: a case-control study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
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Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Methods: The study is a cross-sectional epidemiological research carried out in the six senatorial districts of Ekiti and Ondo states, Nigeria, between February 2019 and January 2020. A structured questionnaire was administered to 1203 respondents for socio-demographic information, and sputum samples were collected from them for TB investigation. GeneXpert technique was used to diagnose TB from the sputum samples, followed by bacterial isolation using Löweinstein-Jensen medium and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Results: Prevalence of TB in the two states combined was 15 %; with 13.8 % for Ekiti state and 16.1 % for Ondo State. The distribution of TB in the senatorial districts was such that: Ondo South > Ekiti Central > Ekiti South > Ondo North > Ekiti North > Ondo Central. The risk factors identified for TB prevalence in two states were gender, male > female (OR = 0.548, p = 0.004); overcrowding (OR = 0.733, p = 0.026); room size (OR = 0.580, p = 0.002); smoking (OR = 0.682, p = 0.019) and dry and dusty season (OR = 0.468, p = 0.005). The prevalence of MDR-TB in Ekiti and Ondo States were 1.2 % and 1.3 % respectively. The identified risk factors for MDR were education (OR = 0.739, p = 0.017), age (OR = 0.846, p = 0.048), religion (OR = 1.95, p = 0.0003), family income (OR = 1.76, p = 0.008), previous TB treatment (OR = 3.64, p = 0.004), smoking (OR = 1.33, p = 0.035) and HIV status (OR = 1.85, p = 0.006). Rifampicin monoresistant was reported in 6.7 % of the rifampicin-resistant strains, while 93.3 % were rifampicin polyresistant strains. Two (13.3 %) of the MDR-TB strains were resistant to all the 3 first-line antimycobacterial agents. All the Rifampicin-resistant TB strains were susceptible to the aminoglycosides (Amikacin, Capreomycin and Kanamycin), also with high susceptibility to the fluoroquinilones: Moxifloxacin (100 %) and Levofloxacin (86.7 %). Sixteen (94.1 %) of the 17 Rifampicin-susceptible strains were susceptible to all the eight antibiotics tested, while one (5.9 %) was susceptible to Rifampicin and Isoniazid but resistant to the rest antibiotics. Conclusion: The study showed that there is high prevalence of TB and MDR-TB in Ekiti and Ondo States Nigeria, hence, to meet the SDG Target 3.3 of ending TB epidemic by 2030, culturing and antibiotic susceptibility testing should be carried out on every TB-positive sputum and the patients treated accordingly.
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