Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38045119›Full record

ArticleHeliyon2023

Maximizing biodiesel yield of a non-edible chinaberry seed oil via microwave assisted transesterification process using response surface methodology and artificial neural network techniques.

Rehman Akhtar, Ameer Hamza, Luqman Razzaq, Fayaz Hussain, Saad Nawaz, Umer Nawaz, Zara Mukaddas, Tahir Abbas Jauhar, A S Silitonga, C Ahamed Saleel

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Heliyon, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Rehman AkhtarDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Technology, University of Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
Ameer HamzaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Technology, University of Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
Luqman RazzaqDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Technology, University of Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
Fayaz HussainModeling Evolutionary Algorithms Simulation and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
Saad NawazDepartment of Mechanical, Mechatronic and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore (New Campus), KSK, Sheikhupura, 39350, Pakistan.
Umer NawazDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Technology, University of Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
Zara MukaddasDepartment of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
Tahir Abbas JauharDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Technology, University of Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
A S SilitongaCentre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
C Ahamed SaleelDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Asir, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this study, the non-edible Chinaberry Seed Oil (CBO) is converted into biodiesel using microwave assisted transesterification. The objective of this effort is to maximize the biodiesel yield by optimizing the operating parameters, such as catalyst concentration, methanol-oil ratio, reaction speed, and reaction time. The designed setup provides a controlled and effective approach for turning CBO into biodiesel, resulting in encouraging yields and reduced reaction times. The experimental findings reveal the optimal parameters for the highest biodiesel yield (95 %) are a catalyst concentration of 1.5 w/w, a methanol-oil ratio of 6:1 v/v, a reaction speed of 400 RPM, and a reaction period of 3 min. The interaction of the several operating parameters on biodiesel yield has been investigated using two methodologies: Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). RSM provides better modeling of parameter interaction, while ANN exhibits lower comparative error when predicting biodiesel yield based on the reaction parameters. The percentage improvement in prediction of biodiesel yield by ANN is found to be 12 % as compared to RSM. This study emphasizes the merits of both the approaches for biodiesel yield optimization. Furthermore, the scaling up this microwave-assisted transesterification system for industrial biodiesel production has been proposes with focus on its economic viability and environmental effects.

Indexed as

Artificial neural networkBiodieselChinaberry seed oilResponse surface methodology

Identifiers

PMID38045119
PMCPMC10692778

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.