ReviewHypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)2024
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease, Hypertension, and Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.
Review in Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 162 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
162 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 184 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fish consumption and brain structure: a comprehensive systematic review of observational studies.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2026Pooled it
- Trends and mechanistic insights into hypertension-associated hearing loss: a 20-year perspective (2005-2025).Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Chinese medicine interventions for cerebral small vessel disease-related cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- The Clinical Significance of Ambulatory Blood Pressure on Cerebral Small Vessel disease. A Systematic Review and meta-analysis of the Literature.Current hypertension reports · 2025Pooled it
- Migraine and pregnancy-related headaches as a risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of over 94 million pregnancies.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Pooled it
- Manual acupuncture enhanced therapeutic efficacy in vascular dementia rat model: systematic review and network meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- White matter hyperintensities and the risk of vascular dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PeerJ · 2025Pooled it
- Imaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease are associated with Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability and Cerebral White Matter Lesion Progression: A Pooled Individual Patient Data Analysis of 2 Trials.Neurology · 2026Trial
- [Efficacy of β-Blockers in Older Adults With Hypertension Combined With Vascular Dementia].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2025Trial
- Metabolic Markers of MRI-Confirmed Lacunar Stroke: Observational and Mendelian Randomization Analyses.Neurology · 2026Observational
- Perivascular Spaces as Determinants of Amyloid, Tau, and Vascular Biomarker Progression.Annals of neurology · 2026Article
- C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index and incident mild cognitive impairment among patients with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a dual-cohort prediction and double machine learning analysis.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- M2-associated microglial states in oligodendrocyte regulation and white matter repair in vascular dementia.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Cerebral oxygen extraction fraction as a physiological biomarker in vascular cognitive impairment: A study in older adults enriched for small vessel diseases.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Oligodendrocyte-Targeted SGK1.1 Inhibition Alleviates White Matter Injury and Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's Disease via Modulation of HDAC2 Phosphorylation.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Temporal Mapping of CSVD-Related White Matter Lesions and Concurrent Neurovascular Dysfunction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Article
- The role of vascular risk factors in white matter tract microstructure: a multi-cohort study in older adults.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Cerebral small vessel disease: pearls and pitfalls from unexplored risk factors to treatment.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2026Review
102 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hypertension-associated cerebral small vessel disease is a common finding in older people. Strongly associated with age and hypertension, small vessel disease is found at autopsy in over 50% of people aged ≥65 years, with a spectrum of clinical manifestations. It is the main cause of lacunar stroke and a major source of vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia. The brain areas affected are subcortical and periventricular white matter and deep gray nuclei. Neuropathological sequelae are diffuse white matter lesions (seen as white matter hyperintensities on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging), small ischemic foci (lacunes or microinfarcts), and less commonly, subcortical microhemorrhages. The most common form of cerebral small vessel disease is concentric, fibrotic thickening of small penetrating arteries (up to 300 microns outer diameter) termed arteriolosclerosis. Less common forms are small artery atheroma and lipohyalinosis (the lesions described by C. Miller Fisher adjacent to lacunes). Other microvascular lesions that are not reviewed here include cerebral amyloid angiopathy and venous collagenosis. Here, we review the epidemiology, neuropathology, clinical management, genetics, preclinical models, and pathogenesis of hypertensive small vessel disease. Knowledge gaps include initiating factors, molecular pathogenesis, relationships between arterial pathology and tissue damage, possible reversibility, pharmacological targets, and molecular biomarkers. Progress is anticipated from multicell transcriptomic and proteomic profiling, novel experimental models and further target-finding and interventional clinical studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.