Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38042947›Full record

ReviewPediatric research2024

Laboratory diagnosis of CNS infections in children due to emerging and re-emerging neurotropic viruses.

Benjamin M Liu, Sarah B Mulkey, Joseph M Campos, Roberta L DeBiasi

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pediatric research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
89citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
19.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

89 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pathogenic characterization and drug resistance of neonatal sepsis in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Group A Streptococcal meningitis in children: a short case series and systematic review.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2024
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Article
  5. Disease burden of non-polio enterovirus-associated meningitis in children in G20 countries: an analysis based on GBD data and projections to 2050.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Multiple IntracranialInfection and drug resistance · 2026
    Article
  10. Cryptococcal antigen cross-reactivity is associated with fatal trichosporonosis in patients with hematologic diseases.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025
    Article
  11. The possibility of Escherichia coli transmission from pregnant women to the neonates.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025
    Article
  12. Clinical performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus central nervous system infections.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025
    Article
  13. Assessment of Phoenix sepsis score: characterization of a cohort of children of different primary statuses and ages, 2020-2024.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025
    Article
  14. Potential Antiviral Compounds fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  15. Molecular detection and serotyping of acute bacterial meningitis pathogens in Indian children.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Fulminant parvovirus B19 myocarditis in infants -report of three post-pandemic cases.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025
    Article

29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Benjamin M LiuDivision of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA. bliu1@childrensnational.org.ORCID 0000-0003-1225-9936
Sarah B MulkeyDepartment of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.
Joseph M CamposDivision of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Roberta L DeBiasiDepartment of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA. rdebiasi@childrensnational.org.
Children's National · US

Funding

SWG 2: Cure Research Scientific Working GroupP30AI117970 · NIAID · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Italo Mocchetti · 2015 to 2026
$29.6M
Valacyclovir Phase I TrialU54AI150225 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI KIMBERLIN, DAVID W · 2019 to 2024
$7.6M
NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI117970NIAID NIH HHS U54 AI150225
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent decades have witnessed the emergence and re-emergence of numerous medically important viruses that cause central nervous system (CNS) infections in children, e.g., Zika, West Nile, and enterovirus/parechovirus. Children with immature immune defenses and blood-brain barrier are more vulnerable to viral CNS infections and meningitis than adults. Viral invasion into the CNS causes meningitis, encephalitis, brain imaging abnormalities, and long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae. Rapid and accurate detection of neurotropic viral infections is essential for diagnosing CNS diseases and setting up an appropriate patient management plan. The addition of new molecular assays and next-generation sequencing has broadened diagnostic capabilities for identifying infectious meningitis/encephalitis. However, the expansion of test menu has led to new challenges in selecting appropriate tests and making accurate interpretation of test results. There are unmet gaps in development of rapid, sensitive and specific molecular assays for a growing list of emerging and re-emerging neurotropic viruses. Herein we will discuss the advances and challenges in the laboratory diagnosis of viral CNS infections in children. This review not only sheds light on selection and interpretation of a suitable diagnostic test for emerging/re-emerging neurotropic viruses, but also calls for more research on development and clinical utility study of novel molecular assays. IMPACT: Children with immature immune defenses and blood-brain barrier, especially neonates and infants, are more vulnerable to viral central nervous system infections and meningitis than adults. The addition of new molecular assays and next-generation sequencing has broadened diagnostic capabilities for identifying infectious meningitis and encephalitis. There are unmet gaps in the development of rapid, sensitive and specific molecular assays for a growing list of emerging and re-emerging neurotropic viruses.

Indexed as

Central Nervous System InfectionsCentral Nervous System Viral DiseasesEncephalitisMeningitisVirusesZika VirusZika Virus InfectionAdultChildClinical Laboratory TechniquesHumansInfantInfant, Newborn

Identifiers

PMID38042947
PMCPMC12494120
OpenAlexW4389267858

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.