ArticleBMC cancer2023
Alterations in the mammary gland and tumor microenvironment of formerly obese mice.
Article in BMC cancer, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- The Complex Path from Mammary Ductal Hyperplasia to Breast Cancer: Elevated Malignancy Risk in Atypical Forms.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Obesity-induced metabolic reprogramming of the tumor immune microenvironment: mechanisms, spatial niches, and immunotherapy response.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The correlation between obesity and the occurrence and development of breast cancer.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- A Mediterranean diet plan in lactating women with obesity reduces maternal energy intake and modulates human milk composition - a feasibility study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
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6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundObesity is a risk factor for breast cancer, and women with obesity that develop breast cancer have a worsened prognosis. Within the mammary gland, obesity causes chronic, macrophage-driven inflammation and adipose tissue fibrosis. Weight loss is a recommended intervention to resolve obesity, but the impact of weight loss on the mammary gland microenvironment and in tumors has not been well identified.
methodsTo examine the effects of weight loss following obesity, mice were fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks to induce obesity, then switched to a low-fat diet for 6 weeks. We examined changes in immune cells, including fibrocytes, which are myeloid lineage cells that have attributes of both macrophages and myofibroblasts, and collagen deposition within the mammary glands of non-tumor-bearing mice and within the tumors of mice that were transplanted with estrogen receptor alpha positive TC2 tumor cells.
resultsIn formerly obese mice, we observed reduced numbers of crown-like structures and fibrocytes in mammary glands, while collagen deposition was not resolved with weight loss. Following transplant of TC2 tumor cells into the mammary glands of lean, obese, and formerly obese mice, diminished collagen deposition and cancer-associated fibroblasts were observed in tumors from formerly obese mice compared to obese mice. Within tumors of obese mice, increased myeloid-derived suppressor cells and diminished CD8
conclusionsOverall, these studies demonstrate that weight loss resolved some of the microenvironmental conditions within the mammary gland that may contribute to tumor progression. Additionally, fibrocytes may contribute to early collagen deposition in mammary tumors of obese mice leading to the growth of desmoplastic tumors.
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