Trial reportJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2023
Multicenter randomized controlled trial of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy alone or in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with resectable or borderline resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Trial report in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Perioperative Immunotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of sequential versus concurrent administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors with radiotherapy in solid tumors: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Pooled it
- Improving Outcomes in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review of Immunotherapy in Multimodal Treatment.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta analysis of clinical outcomes.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Research trends in neoadjuvant therapy for esophageal cancer: a bibliometric and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- The combination of a cancer vaccine, pembrolizumab, and stereotactic body radiation in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer: a single-arm, phase II study.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Neoadjuvant Early Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Followed by Chemoimmunotherapy in Borderline Resectable and Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer.Advances in radiation oncology · 2026Article
- Review
- Challenges and opportunities in combining radiotherapy and immunotherapy for localized pancreatic cancer.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Versus Chemotherapy in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Targeted Therapy in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Current Advances and Challenges.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Review
- Heterocellular crosstalk and architecture of the pancreatic tumour microenvironment.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- Article
- Neoadjuvant modified FOLFIRINOX plus nivolumab in borderline-resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a pilot phase 1 trial.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Targeting stroma-mediated T-cell exclusion and functional exhaustion in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through CXCR4 and PD-1 blockade.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Tumor Microenvironment: Recent Advances in Immunotherapies of Pancreatic Cancer.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Olaparib and Radiotherapy Induce Type I Interferon- and CD8+ T Cell-Dependent Sensitization to Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2025Article
- The Efficacy of Targeted Monoclonal IgA Antibodies Against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Cells · 2025Article
- The Landmark Series: The Future of Pancreatic Cancer Clinical Trials.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a challenging target for immunotherapy because it has an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy can increase tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) density, which may predict overall survival (OS). We hypothesized that adding programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade to chemoradiotherapy would be well tolerated and increase TILs among patients with localized PDAC.
methodsPatients were randomized 2:1 to Arm A (receiving pembrolizumab plus chemoradiotherapy (capecitabine and external beam radiation)) or Arm B (receiving chemoradiotherapy alone) before anticipated pancreatectomy. Primary endpoints were (1) incidence and severity of adverse events during neoadjuvant therapy and (2) density of TILs in resected tumor specimens. TIL density was assessed using multiplexed immunofluorescence histologic examination.
resultsThirty-seven patients were randomized to Arms A (n=24) and B (n=13). Grade ≥3 adverse events related to neoadjuvant treatment were experienced by 9 (38%) and 4 (31%) patients in Arms A and B, respectively, with one patient experiencing dose-limiting toxicity in Arm A. Seventeen (71%) and 7 (54%) patients in Arms A and B, respectively, underwent pancreatectomy. Median CD8
conclusionsAdding pembrolizumab to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was safe. However, no convincing effect on CD8
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.