ArticleBMJ global health2023
Mpox (monkeypox) risk and mortality associated with HIV infection: a national case-control study in Nigeria.
Article in BMJ global health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of HIV coinfection on mpox patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Pooled it
- Global and regional mortality rate statistics of mpox (formerly monkeypox): a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Pathogens and global health · 2025Pooled it
- Atypical mucocutaneous manifestations of MPOX: A systematic review.The Journal of dermatology · 2025Pooled it
- Retrospective Study of Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Mpox-HIV Coinfection in Men Who Have Sex with Men in Hangzhou, China.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Severe Clade I (subclade Ib) mpox in advanced HIV complicated by multidrug-resistant bacterial superinfection and ocular involvement: a case report from Uganda.Tropical medicine and health · 2026Article
- Direct viral invasion and tumor-like pulmonary nodules: A fatal case of mpox in a patient with advanced HIV disease.Biosafety and health · 2026Article
- Long-Term Mpox Sequelae 11 to 18 Months After Acute Illness : A Cohort Study in Two U.S. Cities.Annals of internal medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Ocular manifestations of Clade Ib mpox in four South-Kivu health zones, Democratic Republic of the Congo.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Optimal deployment of limited vaccine supplies to control mpox outbreaks.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- From neglected to notoriety: a review of Mpox clinical features, virology, epidemiology, treatment and prevention strategies.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Review
- Article
- Mpox: disease manifestations and therapeutic development.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- Mpox, HIV, and a Compounding Sepsis Crisis in Africa.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Predictors of mpox infectious periods: findings from a fine and gray sub-distribution hazard model using Vietnamese national mpox data.Epidemiology and infection · 2025Article
- A Comparative Analysis of Global Responses to Monkeypox Outbreaks: Lessons Learned and Future Directions - a Mini Narrative Review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Clade Ib Mpox Virus: How Can We Respond?China CDC weekly · 2025Article
- Metagenomic sequencing of mpox virus clade Ib lesions identifies possible bacterial and viral co-infections in hospitalized patients in eastern DRC.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Mpox unveiled: Global epidemiology, treatment advances, and prevention strategies.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Review
- Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Mpox in Jakarta, Indonesia, August 2022-December 2023.Vaccines · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionRecent outbreaks of mpox are characterised by changes in the natural history of the disease, the demographic and clinical characteristics of the cases, and widening geographical distribution. We investigated the role of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) coinfection among cases in the re-emergence of mpox to inform national and global response.
methodsWe conducted a national descriptive and case-control study on cases in the 2017-2019 Nigerian mpox outbreak. Mpox cases were age, sex and geographical area matched each with two randomly selected controls from a representative national HIV/AIDS survey. Logistic regression was used to investigate the association between HIV infection and the risk of mpox acquisition and death.
resultsAmong 204 suspected mpox cases, 86 were confirmed (median age 31 years (IQR 27-38 years), mostly males (61 cases, 70.9%). Three-fifths of mpox cases had serological evidence of one or more STIs with 27.9% (24/86) coinfected with HIV. The case fatality rate was 9.4% (8/86) and 20.8% (5/24) overall and in HIV positive cases respectively. Mpox cases were more likely to have HIV coinfection compared with an age, gender and geography-matched control group drawn from the general population (OR 45 (95% CI 6.1 to 333.5, p=0.002) and when compared with non mpox rash cases (7.29 (95% CI 2.6 to 20.5, p<0.0001)). HIV coinfection and young age were associated with mortality among mpox cases (aOR 13.66 (95% CI 1.88 to 98.95, p=0.010) and aOR 0.90 (0.82-0.97, p=0.008), respectively).
conclusionHIV infection was associated with a higher risk of contracting and dying from mpox. Children are also at high risk of death. STIs in mpox cases may be suggestive of high-risk sexual behaviours among these individuals.
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