SynthesisThe Cochrane database of systematic reviews2023
Automated oxygen delivery for preterm infants with respiratory dysfunction.
Synthesis in The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07622563 (Randomised Controlled Trial of Closed-loop Automated Oxygen Control in Preterm Infants Receiving Non-invasive Respiratory Support), which is not on this map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomised Controlled Trial of Closed-loop Automated Oxygen Control in Preterm Infants Receiving Non-invasive Respiratory Support
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Automatically titrating oxygen system versus constant flow oxygen system during exercise in patients with COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Automated oxygen delivery for preterm infants with respiratory dysfunction.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Time spent within the SpOBMJ open respiratory research · 2026Trial
- Closed-loop automated oxygen control in late preterm and term, ventilated infants: A randomised controlled trial.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2025Trial
- Performance and safety of the PRICO closed-loop oxygen saturation targeting system in neonates: pragmatic multicentre cross-over study (TarOx Study).BMJ paediatrics open · 2024Trial
- Automated oxygen control in extremely preterm infants: lessons from a negative trial.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Automated oxygen control versus manual titration in preterm infants: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Review
- Oxygen Saturation Targeting and Retinopathy Management in Very Preterm Neonates: An International Survey.Neonatology · 2026Article
- [Interpretation of the "European consensus guidelines on the management of respiratory distress syndrome: 2025"].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2026Article
- Oxygen diffusion kinetics, buffering capacity and phenotype: A narrative review of oxygen physiology and later phenotype in very preterm infants.Experimental physiology · 2026Review
- Oxidant Stress, Hyperoxia/Hypoxia and Neonatal Respiratory Disorders.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Closed-Loop Automated Oxygen Control in Preterm Infants Receiving Non-Invasive Respiratory Support.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Oxygen Saturation Targeting in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Continuous Application of Closed-Loop FiO2-Control in Extremely Preterm Infants: A Matched Cohort Single-Center Study.Pediatric pulmonology · 2025Article
- Construction and Application of an Information Closed-Loop Management System for Maternal and Neonatal Access and Exit Rooms: Non Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR medical informatics · 2025Article
- ROP: 80 Years after Its Detection - Where Do We Stand and How Long Will We Continue to Laser?Neonatology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMany preterm infants require respiratory support to maintain an optimal level of oxygenation, as oxygen levels both below and above the optimal range are associated with adverse outcomes. Optimal titration of oxygen therapy for these infants presents a major challenge, especially in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) with suboptimal staffing. Devices that offer automated oxygen delivery during respiratory support of neonates have been developed since the 1970s, and individual trials have evaluated their effectiveness.
objectivesTo assess the benefits and harms of automated oxygen delivery systems, embedded within a ventilator or oxygen delivery device, for preterm infants with respiratory dysfunction who require respiratory support or supplemental oxygen therapy. SEARCH
methodsWe searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and clinical trials databases without language or publication date restrictions on 23 January 2023. We also checked the reference lists of retrieved articles for other potentially eligible trials. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials and randomised cross-over trials that compared automated oxygen delivery versus manual oxygen delivery, or that compared different automated oxygen delivery systems head-to-head, in preterm infants (born before 37 weeks' gestation). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We used standard Cochrane methods. Our main outcomes were time (%) in desired oxygen saturation (SpO MAIN
resultsWe included 18 studies (27 reports, 457 infants), of which 13 (339 infants) contributed data to meta-analyses. We identified 13 ongoing studies. We evaluated three comparisons: automated oxygen delivery versus routine manual oxygen delivery (16 studies), automated oxygen delivery versus enhanced manual oxygen delivery with increased staffing (three studies), and one automated system versus another (two studies). Most studies were at low risk of bias for blinding of personnel and outcome assessment, incomplete outcome data, and selective outcome reporting; and half of studies were at low risk of bias for random sequence generation and allocation concealment. However, most were at high risk of bias in an important domain specific to cross-over trials, as only two of 16 cross-over trials provided separate outcome data for each period of the intervention (before and after cross-over). Automated oxygen delivery versus routine manual oxygen delivery Automated delivery compared with routine manual oxygen delivery probably increases time (%) in the desired SpO AUTHORS'
conclusionsAutomated oxygen delivery compared to routine manual oxygen delivery probably increases time in desired SpO
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.