ArticleJournal of inflammation research2023
Sarcoplasmic Myxovirus Resistance Protein A: A Study of Expression in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy.
Article in Journal of inflammation research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic utility of inflammatory markers in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded muscle biopsies for idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.Histopathology · 2026Article
- Unilateral lower limb cellulitis-like edema as an atypical cutaneous manifestation of antisynthetase syndrome: a case report and targeted literature review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- An Update on Dermatomyositis and Related Inflammatory Myopathies: Cutaneous Clues, Skeletal Muscle Involvement, and Advances in Pathogenesis and Treatment.Muscles (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a heterogeneous group of autoimmune diseases affecting primarily proximal muscles. Major subtypes include dermatomyositis, polymyositis, inclusion body myositis, immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy and antisynthetase syndrome. Overexpression of sarcoplasmic myxovirus-resistance protein A (MxA) has been observed in muscle biopsy specimens of dermatomyositis but is rarely seen in other subtypes of IIM and other myopathies. Objective: We evaluate the expression of sarcoplasmic MxA and its diagnostic value in IIM and other myopathies. Methods: One hundred and thirty-eight muscle biopsy specimens with the diagnosis of IIM and other myopathies from 2011 to 2020 were reviewed and stained for MxA by immunohistochemistry. The difference of the expression of MxA between IIM and other myopathies was analyzed by Fisher's exact test, and the sensitivity and specificity of MxA immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of IIM were assessed. Results: MxA protein was positive in 16/138 (11.6%) specimens. All 12 dermatomyositis specimens positive for MxA protein were positive in perifascicular area pattern. Only dermatomyositis specimens had a significantly higher percentage of positive sarcoplasmic MxA expression than specimens of other subtypes of IIM (p<0.001). Sarcoplasmic MxA expression for dermatomyositis diagnosis had a sensitivity of 46.15% (95% CI 26.59-66.63%) and a specificity of 94.44% (95% CI 81.34-99.32%) with the positive and negative likelihood ratio of 8.31 (95% CI 2.03-34.01) and 0.57 (95% CI 0.40-0.82), respectively. Conclusion: The MxA immunohistochemistry is highly specific for dermatomyositis and should be added to a routine inflammatory panel of muscle biopsy. MxA expression should be cautiously interpreted to avoid pitfalls.
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