ArticleOrthopedic reviews2023
Osteogenesis Stimulator Devices Reduce Surgical Intervention, Opioid Utilization, and Overall Costs in Patients with Fracture Nonunions.
Article in Orthopedic reviews, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Novel 2-Benzylbenzimidazole Opioids: Emerging Drugs of Abuse and Pharmacological Considerations with Nitazene Analogs.Current pain and headache reports · 2026Review
- Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) Stimulation for the Treatment of Fifth Metatarsal Fracture Nonunion.Orthopedic reviews · 2026Article
- Augmentation of Deficient Bone Healing by Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields-From Mechanisms to Clinical Outcomes.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Approximately 10% of fractures result in delayed union or nonunion. These cases result in pain and disability as well as increased utilization of healthcare resources such as pain medication, physical therapy, and subsequent surgery. Osteogenesis stimulator devices are a safe and low-cost, non-invasive option to aid healing in nonunion cases. Objective: Study objectives aimed to evaluate real-world data of osteogenesis stimulator device usage in a variety of healthcare utilization endpoints including surgical intervention for nonunion, pain medication use, and overall healthcare costs. Data were stratified into three groups: the Stim Device group and the No Stim and Surgical control groups. Methods: A retrospective analysis of a large claims-based database was conducted. The database was queried for adult patients having a diagnosis of nonunion, with evidence of a prior fracture in the previous 180 days (n = 11,010). The osteogenesis stimulator group (Stim Device group, n = 1,628) was defined as those patients having at least one claim for an osteogenesis stimulator in the period 90 to 180 days following fracture and up to 60 days following the nonunion diagnosis. The control group (No Stim group, n = 9,382) had a nonunion diagnosis with evidence of a fracture in the prior 180 days but did not receive a device. A total of 1,751 patients from the No Stim group were sub-grouped into surgical/operative controls (No Stim - Surgical group). Results: Stim Device patients showed lower rates of surgical intervention for their bone nonunion compared to the No Stim patients (214/1,628, 13.1% vs. 1,751/9,382, 18.7%, p < 0.001). Stim Device patients had lower rates of opioid utilization post-index compared to No Stim patients (948/1,628, 58.2% vs. 6,359/9,382, 67.8%, p < 0.001). Overall healthcare costs were significantly reduced in the Stim Device group ($21,654) compared with No Stim ($29,101; p < 0.001) and Surgical ($35,914; p < 0.001) control groups. Conclusion: The results show that bone growth stimulator devices have a positive individual and societal impact on treating patients with fracture nonunions.
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