ArticleFrontiers in molecular neuroscience2023
Activity-regulated cytoskeletal-associated protein (Arc) in presynaptic terminals and extracellular vesicles in hippocampal synapses.
Article in Frontiers in molecular neuroscience, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- N-Stearidonoylethanolamine Restores CA1 Synaptic Integrity and Reduces Astrocytic Reactivity After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Brain Synapses: Neurons, Astrocytes, and Extracellular Vesicles in Health and Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Aberrant neuronal firing: a paracrine route to glioblastoma expansion.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- "Arc - A viral vector of memory and synaptic plasticity".Current opinion in neurobiology · 2025Review
- Epigenetics of Chronic Stress: Mechanisms and Health Impacts.Current genomics · 2025Review
- Phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate mediates Arc capsid secretion through the multivesicular body pathway.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Specific Extracellular Vesicles, Generated and Operating at Synapses, Contribute to Neuronal Effects and Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc/Arg3.1) is a neuron-specific immediate early gene (IEG) product. The protein regulates synaptic strength through modulation of spine density and morphology, AMPA receptor endocytosis, and as being part of a retrovirus-like inter-cellular communication mechanism. However, little is known about the detailed subsynaptic localization of the protein, and especially its possible presynaptic localization. In the present study, we provide novel electron microscopical data of Arc localization at hippocampal Schaffer collateral synapses in the CA1 region. The protein was found in both pre-and postsynaptic cytoplasm in a majority of synapses, associated with small vesicles. We also observed multivesicular body-like structures positive for Arc. Furthermore, the protein was located over the presynaptic active zone and the postsynaptic density. The relative concentration of Arc was 25% higher in the postsynaptic spine than in the presynaptic terminal. Notably, small extracellular vesicles labeled for Arc were detected in the synaptic cleft or close to the synapse, supporting a possible transsynaptic transmission of the protein in the brain.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.