ReviewFrontiers in immunology2023
Human leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors in health and disease.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting the YAP-BST2 Axis Overcomes Intrinsic Anti-PD-1 Resistance in Metastatic Gastric Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Development of human monoclonal antibodies against TARM1 by yeast display.FEBS open bio · 2026Article
- Targeting macrophage-driven NK cell immunosuppression to improve cancer immunotherapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Review
- Conservation of Human IgSF Proteins Throughout Eukaryotic Evolution.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Claudins interact with LILRB immune inhibitory receptors to promote myeloid immunosuppression in cancer.Science immunology · 2026Article
- Early Fc-effector antibody signatures impact COVID-19 disease trajectory.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Unlocking the promise of innate biology through the HLA-G/ILT2/ILT4 pathway.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Review
- A Subset of Pro-inflammatory CXCL10+ LILRB2+ Macrophages Derives From Recipient Monocytes and Drives Renal Allograft Rejection.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Emerging nano-immunotherapeutic strategies achieve metastatic colorectal cancer precision therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- LILRB1 Modulates Neutrophil Migration, NETosis, and Inflammation in Drug-ResistantInfection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Validation of LILR antibody specificities and development of LILRA3-specific antibodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The cost of persistent alarm: temporal transcriptional reprogramming of macrophages from acute activation to chronic immune suppression by day 11.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The non-classical immune checkpoint HLA-G: a regulatory master switch governing tolerance, evasion, and translational frontiers.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Antibody-Mediated Inhibition of HLA/LILR Interactions Breaks Innate Immune Tolerance and Induces Antitumor Immunity.Cancer immunology research · 2025Article
- Comprehensive analysis of the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor family in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Oligomeric cystatin C supports the immunosuppressive activity of myeloid cells through interaction with inhibitory receptors.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Secretogranin 2 binds LILRB4 resulting in immunosuppression.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Assessing the impact of cell isolation method on B cell gene expression using next-generation sequencing.Experimental hematology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Human leukocyte immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptors (LILR) are a family of 11 innate immunomodulatory receptors, primarily expressed on lymphoid and myeloid cells. LILRs are either activating (LILRA) or inhibitory (LILRB) depending on their associated signalling domains (D). With the exception of the soluble LILRA3, LILRAs mediate immune activation, while LILRB1-5 primarily inhibit immune responses and mediate tolerance. Abnormal expression and function of LILRs is associated with a range of pathologies, including immune insufficiency (infection and malignancy) and overt immune responses (autoimmunity and alloresponses), suggesting LILRs may be excellent candidates for targeted immunotherapies. This review will discuss the biology and clinical relevance of this extensive family of immune receptors and will summarise the recent developments in targeting LILRs in disease settings, such as cancer, with an update on the clinical trials investigating the therapeutic targeting of these receptors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.