ArticleAnnals of Indian Academy of Neurology
Ofatumumab, a Fully Human Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody, in the Treatment of Severe Refractory Anti-N-methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis: Two Case Reports.
Article in Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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7 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ofatumumab Therapy and Long-Term Seizure Outcomes of Patients With Relapsing Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis Associated with Ovarian Teratoma: A Comprehensive Review.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Efficacy of ofatumumab combined with corticosteroids in the treatment of autoimmune encephalitis: a 6-month cohort study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Successful sequential treatment with ofatumumab followed by efgartigimod for refractory autoimmune encephalitis with dual anti-NMDAR and anti-GFAP antibody positivity: first case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Case Report: Efficacy of ofatumumab in refractory anti-NMDAR encephalitis: case series and literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Treatment and prognosis of failure of first-line immunotherapy or recurrent autoimmune encephalitis patients with ofatumumab-a fully human anti-CD20 mAb.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- The therapeutic effect of ofatumumab in pediatric anti-NMDAR encephalitis: A case series.Heliyon · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is a type of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) characterized by antibodies against NMDA receptor. As the most common AE, anti-NMDAR encephalitis affects 54% ~ 80% of patients with AE. It is associated with a high percentage of severe illness. It typically manifests as behavioral and psychiatric disturbance, epilepsy, cognitive decline, decreased level of consciousness, involuntary movements, autonomic dysfunction, central hypoventilation, etc. We report two refractory anti-NMDAR encephalitis. One of them describes a case of anti-NMDA encephalitis coexisting with MOG antibodies. The two patients were administered first-line therapy with glucocorticoids and intravenous immunoglobulin but did not improve clinically. Therefore, the patient was switched to the fully human anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, ofatumumab. Their consciousness, behavioral and psychiatric disturbance, and capacity to conduct daily tasks improved markedly after sequential therapy with ofatumumab, as demonstrated by the modified Rankin scale (mRS) score. For the first time, we report a successful approach to the treatment of refractory anti-NMDAR encephalitis using the fully human anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody ofatumumab, which serves as an important reference for the treatment of AE.
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