ArticleCureus2023
Echocardiographic Measurements in Normal Healthy Adult Population of North India.
Article in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- What is a normal left ventricular ejection fraction in healthy adults? A meta-analysis of population-based echocardiographic studies.Journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2026Article
- The case for indexing: Echocardiographic dimensions in the Arab Gulf.Saudi medical journal · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimInterpretation of imaging modalities depends on robust normal reference limits. Ethnicity is an essential determinant of cardiac chamber sizes. Though few studies from India have focused on this research, it has yet to include the Kashmiri population. We aimed to study normal echocardiographic values of healthy Kashmiri adults and compare them with Western and Indian studies.
methodsIt was a prospective observational study on healthy adults of Kashmir Valley. A comprehensive echocardiographic analysis following standardized protocols was performed.
resultsA total of 2245 study participants were analyzed. The mean age was 32.52±11.55 years. There were 1100 (49%) males. Males had higher absolute left ventricular volumes and mass, left atrial volumes, right ventricular diameter, and aortic size, while females had higher absolute left ventricular ejection fraction and early and late diastolic mitral inflow velocities. Males had higher indexed left ventricular end-systolic volume, while females had higher indexed left ventricular end diastole diameter, aorta diameter, right ventricle, and left and right atrial sizes. Left ventricular mass and diastolic parameters were significantly associated with age. Compared with the American Society of Echocardiography/European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging, absolute values of left ventricle size, volumes, mass, right ventricle size, aortic size, and left and right atrial size were higher than those in our study. Our study population had a higher left ventricle ejection fraction. Among indexed parameters, left ventricle volumes, left ventricle systolic diameter, aortic annulus, and left and right atrial volumes were still significantly higher in Western data. While comparing with Indian data, we noted significant regional differences.
conclusionWe provide normal reference values for our local population. We noted significant differences with Western as well as other Indian populations. Our study highlights the need for developing ethnic-specific reference values of various echocardiographic measurements.
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