Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38021843›Full record

ArticleCureus2023

Impact of COVID-19 Vaccinations on Menstrual Bleeding.

Mortadah Alsalman, Fatimah Alhubail, Fidaa Bin Obaid, Ibtisam Algouf, Bayan Alomair, Sara Albunyan, Lina AlMudayris, Zaenb Alsalman, Abdul Sattar Khan

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Mortadah AlsalmanDepartment of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, SAU.
Fatimah AlhubailDepartment of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, SAU.
Fidaa Bin ObaidDepartment of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, SAU.
Ibtisam AlgoufDepartment of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, SAU.
Bayan AlomairDepartment of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, SAU.
Sara AlbunyanDepartment of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, SAU.
Lina AlMudayrisDepartment of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, SAU.
Zaenb AlsalmanDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, SAU.
Abdul Sattar KhanDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, SAU.
King Faisal University · SA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionVaccination has a fundamental role in protecting against and modifying the severity of several infectious diseases, including COVID-19. Several immune and non-immune adverse events have been reported post-COVID-19 vaccine. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the COVID-19 vaccine on women's menstrual bleeding.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 399 vaccinated women in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a direct interview-based questionnaire including four sections.

resultsA total of 399 women were recruited, with a mean age of 25.54 ± 6.177 years. More than half (53.9%) of the participants reported post-vaccination menstrual bleeding abnormality in terms of a heavy or irregular cycle. Out of the total number, 40 (21.4%) women reported having heavy menstrual flow, and 67 (16.8%) had non-menstrual bleeding after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. Fully vaccinated women were at a greater risk of post-vaccination menstrual bleeding abnormality (p = 0.058). However, there was no correlation between booster shot type and menstrual bleeding abnormality (p > 0.05). In addition, there was no significant association between non-menstrual bleeding and the type of booster shot, the type of the first dose, and prior history of COVID-19 infection (p > 0.05).

conclusionDespite vaccination being the most effective way to prevent COVID-19, it does have an impact on menstrual bleeding in terms of menorrhagia and metrorrhagia. Therefore, more studies are needed to understand the mechanism and the long-term impact of COVID-19 vaccines on the hemostatic system.

Indexed as

bleedingcovid-19menstrual abnormalitysars-cov-2vaccine

Identifiers

PMID38021843
PMCPMC10659569
OpenAlexW4387816785

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.