ArticleCureus2023
Parasympathetic Dominance Decreases the Choroidal Blood Flow Velocity Measured Using Laser Speckle Flowgraphy.
Article in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigation of Skin Circulation Hemodynamics Using Skin Laser Speckle Flowgraphy After Trapezius Muscle Self-Stretching.Muscles (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Investigation of Effects of Ultrasound Therapy on Trapezius Muscle Stiffness and Choroidal Blood Flow Velocity.Muscles (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effects of Trapezius Muscle Self-Stretching on Muscle Stiffness and Choroidal Circulatory Dynamics: An Evaluation Using Ultrasound Strain Elastography and Laser Speckle Flowgraphy.Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2025Article
- Laser Speckle Flowgraphy Reveals Widespread Reductions in Ocular Blood Flow in nonexudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration.American journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Investigation of Choroidal Circulation Hemodynamics Using Laser Speckle Flowgraphy After Periocular Skin Warming.Cureus · 2024Article
- Changes in Retinal Hemodynamics in the Optic Nerve Head of Healthy Participants Measured Using Laser Speckle Flowgraphy after a Cold Pressor Test.Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO · 2024Article
- Choroidal Thickness Increases During Parasympathetic Dominance After Immersion of the Foot in Warm Water.Cureus · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to examine the changes to choroidal blood flow velocity using laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) in healthy eyes after warm water immersion at 40°C.
methodsData regarding the right eyes of 23 healthy volunteers were included. The mean blur rate (MBR) of the macula, which represents the choroidal blood flow velocity, was evaluated using LSFG. Intraocular pressure (IOP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean blood pressure (MBP), ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), and MBR were assessed at baseline, immediately after immersion (0 minutes), and 10, 20, and 30 minutes later.
resultsAt 0 minutes, SBP, DBP, MBP, and OPP values were lower than those at baseline. The MBR significantly declined immediately after immersion to -6.0 ± 5.2%. However, there were no changes in these parameters after 10, 20, or 30 minutes. A significant positive correlation was observed between the MBR, SBP, DBP, MBP, and OPP values. In healthy individuals, the dominant parasympathetic activity induced by warm stimulation reduced the choroidal hemodynamic rate in the macula and decreased systemic circulatory dynamics, which normalized after 10 minutes.
conclusionsThese findings suggest that the dominant parasympathetic activity induced by warm water immersion at 40°C may lead to a reduction in the systemic circulation rate and choroidal blood flow rate in the macula. These findings may help prevent and treat various retinal choroidal diseases, in which sympathetic hyperactivity is involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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