ReviewCureus2023
Preoperative and Intraoperative Risk Factors for Conversion of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy to Open Cholecystectomy: A Systematic Review of 30 Studies.
Review in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of Pneumoperitoneum Pressure on Post-Cholecystectomy Pain.JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic SurgeonsTrial
- Development and Internal Validation of a Preoperative Risk Stratification Model for Difficult Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Acute Cholecystitis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Subtotal cholecystectomy as a bailout strategy in difficult cholecystectomy: Outcomes and patient selection criteria.Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery · 2026Article
- Comparative Registry-Based Analysis of Cholecystectomy Outcomes at a German University Hospital and Nationwide Data.Visceral medicine · 2026Article
- Factors influencing the difficulty of laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A review.Bioinformation · 2026Article
- Predictive value of an intraoperative gallbladder scoring system for surgical difficulty and post-operative outcomes in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Northern clinics of Istanbul · 2026Article
- Critical appraisal of "predictive score for conversion in laparoscopic cholecystectomy - a prospective study" by V et al.Turkish journal of surgery · 2025Article
- Bile Duct Injury and Litigation in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Global Review of Current and Future Preventative Initiatives.Annals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches · 2025Review
- Comparison of outcomes between laparotomic and laparoscopic elective ovariectomy in anestrus dogs: postoperative recovery, pain and inflammatory biomarkers.Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Are We Overtesting? Rethinking Routine Blood Work After Low-Risk Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Retrospective Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Multicenter external validation of a nomogram predicting conversion to open cholecystectomy during laparoscopic surgery for acute calculous cholecystitis: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This systematic review aims to review articles that evaluate the risk of conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy and to analyze the identified preoperative and intraoperative risk factors. The bibliographic databases CINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, Medline, and PubMed were searched according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Only English-language retrospective studies and systematic reviews with more than 200 patients were included. The time of publication was limited from 2012 to 2022. Our systematic review identified 30 studies with a total of 108,472 patients. Of those, 92,765 cholecystectomies were commenced laparoscopically and 5,477 were converted to open cholecystectomy (5.90%). The rate of conversion ranges from 2.50% to 50%. Older males with acute cholecystitis, previous abdominal surgery, symptom duration of more than 72 hours, previous history of acute cholecystitis, C-reactive protein (CRP) value of more than 76 mg/L, diabetes, and obesity are significant preoperative risk factors for conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy. Significant intraoperative risk factors for conversion include gallbladder inflammation, adhesions, anatomic difficulty, Nassar scale of Grades 3 to 4, Conversion from Laparoscopic to Open Cholecystectomy (CLOC) score of more than 6 and 10-point gallbladder operative scoring system (G10) score more than 3.
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Registered trials
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