ArticleJAMA network open2023
Emergency Medical Responses at US Immigration and Customs Enforcement Detention Centers in California.
Article in JAMA network open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- "Todo con Corazon, Hacemos Milagros*": a qualitative analysis of the needs of newly arrived immigrants amid complex political and healthcare landscapes.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Child Migrants in Family Detention in the US: Addressing Fragmented Care.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A call for increased transparency and accountability of health care outcomes in US Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention centers.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Review
- Deaths in Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detention: A Fiscal Year (FY) 2021-2023 update.AIMS public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Importance: Knowledge of medical care in US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detention centers is limited. Reviews show high rates of preventable deaths while in detention due to substandard medical care within detention centers. Objective: To describe characteristics of medical emergencies at ICE detention centers in California. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional study analyzed emergency medical services (EMS)-reported medical emergencies activated through 911 from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2022, at 3 of the 5 ICE detention centers in California: Adelanto ICE Processing Center, Imperial Regional Detention Facility, and Otay Mesa Detention Center. Exposure: Medical services requiring 911 activation. Main Outcomes and Measures: Data included the number of EMS-reported medical emergencies; ICE-reported medical emergencies; patient age and sex; and medical data in the EMS report, including primary symptom, EMS provider (emergency medical technician or paramedic) impression, vital signs, and interventions performed, using descriptive statistics. Results: In this analysis of 3 detention centers with a mean daily census of 775 (range, 504-1001) individuals per center, there was a median of 68 (IQR, 10-88) EMS-reported emergencies per center per year for a total of 1224 emergencies. The EMS-reported emergencies involved 881 males (72%) and 338 females (28%) with a median age of 39.0 (IQR 30.0-49.0) years. The ratios of female-to-male EMS-reported emergencies were 0.51 (95% CI, 0.31-0.87) at Adelanto, 0.86 (95% CI, 0.31-2.43) at Imperial, and 1.60 (95% CI, 1.40-1.83) at Otay Mesa. Pregnancy-related emergencies accounted for 12.4% (42 of 338) of emergencies in females. A total of 357 individuals (29.2%) had at least 1 abnormal vital sign during their EMS encounter. Psychiatric emergencies comprised 48 EMS responses (3.9%), despite higher rates of ICE-reported psychiatric-related complaints. The median number of monthly EMS-reported emergencies across all 3 centers was 3 (IQR, 0-9) vs 4 ICE-reported emergencies (IQR, 1-15). Conclusions and Relevance: In this study of medical emergencies at 3 of 5 ICE detention facilities in California, there were discrepancies in EMS vs ICE reported emergencies. The data suggested that vulnerable populations, such as pregnant women, had an increased number of medical emergencies, while individuals with psychiatric emergencies accounted for fewer reported emergencies. Based on these findings, emergency medical care provision in ICE detention centers requires increased transparency to ensure appropriate delivery of care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.