ArticleDiabetes2024
Interactive Effects of Empagliflozin and Hyperglycemia on Urinary Amino Acids in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes.
Article in Diabetes, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy, Mechanisms, and Safety of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2026Trial
- Dapagliflozin modulates plasma lipidomic profile and urinary metabolite excretion in type 2 diabetes.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Trial
- Dietary Glycerol Monolaurate Enhances Growth and Immune Function in Calves via Hepatic Immunometabolic Reprogramming.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Metabolic shifts in plasma amino acids and related metabolites in response to SGLT2 inhibition and hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Diabetes mellitus and glymphatic dysfunction: Roles for oxidative stress, mitochondria, circadian rhythm, artificial intelligence, and imaging.World journal of diabetes · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Optimizing energy use in the kidney is critical for normal kidney function. Here, we investigate the effect of hyperglycemia and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibition on urinary amino acid excretion in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The open-label ATIRMA trial assessed the impact of 8 weeks of 25 mg empagliflozin orally once per day in 40 normotensive normoalbuminuric young adults with T1D. A consecutive 2-day assessment of clamped euglycemia and hyperglycemia was evaluated at baseline and posttreatment visits. Principal component analysis was performed on urinary amino acids grouped into representative metabolic pathways using MetaboAnalyst. At baseline, acute hyperglycemia was associated with changes in 25 of the 33 urinary amino acids or their metabolites. The most significant amino acid metabolites affected by acute hyperglycemia were 3-hydroxykynurenine, serotonin, glycyl-histidine, and nicotinic acid. The changes in amino acid metabolites were reflected by the induction of four biosynthetic pathways: aminoacyl-tRNA; valine, leucine, and isoleucine; arginine; and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. In acute hyperglycemia, empagliflozin significantly attenuated the increases in aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis. Our findings using amino acid metabolomics indicate that hyperglycemia stimulates biosynthetic pathways in T1D. SGLT2 inhibition may attenuate the increase in biosynthetic pathways to optimize kidney energy metabolism. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS:
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.