ArticleJournal of medical Internet research2023
Security Implications of AI Chatbots in Health Care.
Article in Journal of medical Internet research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Opportunities and challenges of artificial intelligence in public health: a systematic review on technological efficacy, ethical dilemmas, and governance pathways.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Bridging Technology and Pretest Genetic Services: Quantitative Study of Chatbot Interaction Patterns, User Characteristics, and Genetic Testing Decisions.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Trial
- Effects of a Chatbot-Based Intervention on Stress and Health-Related Parameters in a Stressed Sample: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mental health · 2024Trial
- The Usability and Experience of Artificial Intelligence-Based Conversational Agents in Health Education for Cancer Patients: A Scoping Review.Journal of clinical nursing · 2026Article
- Development of an Equity-Centered Sociotechnical Architecture for Generative AI Integration in Public Health Promotion: Conceptual Framework.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence in health systems of the WHO European region: implementation, applications, opportunities, and barriers.International journal of medical informatics · 2026Article
- Comparison of artificial intelligence-based chatbots and expert periodontists in responding to patient questions: a multi-dimensional analysis.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Factors Shaping Trust and Satisfaction With AI Medical Chatbots: A Mixed Methods Vignette Survey of Caregivers Seeking Guidance on Pediatric Infectious Diseases.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Conversational Artificial Intelligence as a Source of Oral Health Information: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Romanian Population.Dentistry journal · 2026Article
- [Development and psychometric validation of the User Experience Scale for Artificial Intelligence QuestionZhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2026Article
- An AI Perspective on Counseling Supervision.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- [Research progress in artificial intelligence for the diagnosis and management of diseases in preterm infants].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2026Review
- AI chatbots for health information seeking among Chinese patients with precancerous ENT lesions: a descriptive qualitative study.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Artificial Intelligence chatbots in oral pathology: a scoping review of applications, accuracy, and limitations.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Quality, Empathy, and Readability of AI Chatbot Responses to the Survivorship Needs of Adolescents and Young Adults With Melanoma: Evaluation Study.JMIR cancer · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence in the management of inflammatory bowel disease: What's next?World journal of gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Review
- When AI joins the table: evaluating large language model performance in soft tissue sarcoma tumor board decisions.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Anthropomorphic technology in everyday life: focus on chatbots and impacts on mental health.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Review
- Artificial Intelligence in Haematologic Diagnostics: Current Applications and Future Perspectives.Acta haematologica · 2026Review
- Public awareness, trust, perceived usefulness, and willingness to use ChatGPT for healthcare communication among adults in the Asir Region, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots like ChatGPT and Google Bard are computer programs that use AI and natural language processing to understand customer questions and generate natural, fluid, dialogue-like responses to their inputs. ChatGPT, an AI chatbot created by OpenAI, has rapidly become a widely used tool on the internet. AI chatbots have the potential to improve patient care and public health. However, they are trained on massive amounts of people's data, which may include sensitive patient data and business information. The increased use of chatbots introduces data security issues, which should be handled yet remain understudied. This paper aims to identify the most important security problems of AI chatbots and propose guidelines for protecting sensitive health information. It explores the impact of using ChatGPT in health care. It also identifies the principal security risks of ChatGPT and suggests key considerations for security risk mitigation. It concludes by discussing the policy implications of using AI chatbots in health care.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.