ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2024
Risk factors of chronic course of anxiety and depressive disorders: a 3-year longitudinal study in the general population.
Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- "Is a general belief in one's capabilities related to mental and physical health?": The relationships between self-efficacy, health outcomes, and health-related behaviour.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- A randomized controlled trial comparing Mindfulness and Heartfulness meditation programmes on stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms and wellbeing among distance-learning postgraduates.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Impact of depersonalization on the course of depression: longitudinal observations from the gutenberg health study.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Development and Validation of a Prediction Model for Co-Occurring Moderate-to-Severe Anxiety Symptoms in First-Episode and Drug Naïve Patients With Major Depressive Disorder.Depression and anxiety · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRisk factors of a chronic course of anxiety and depressive disorders were previously studied using a limited definition of recovery, i.e. remission of the index disorder. However, frequently, other mental disorders are present at follow-up. Thus, the course of anxiety and depressive disorders was represented too rosy and the identified determinants may not apply when using a broader, more realistic definition. Additionally, physical health risk factors have often been ignored.
methodsData were used from two waves of the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-2 including 509 respondents with 12-month anxiety disorder (panic disorder, social phobia, agoraphobia or generalized anxiety disorder) or/and major depressive disorder at baseline. Chronic course was defined as (1) presence of index disorder; and (2) presence of any anxiety, mood or substance use disorder (overall course) during the subsequent three years. Regression models were built with sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle/physical health indicators. Predictive accuracy was evaluated with area under the curve (AUC).
resultsChronic course of the index disorder was present among 24.8% of cases, whereas 38.7% had a chronic overall course. The accuracy of prediction of chronic course of the index disorder was suboptimal (AUC = 0.68) compared to prediction of overall course (AUC = 0.75). The main risk factors were baseline number of mental disorders, neuroticism, childhood abuse, parental psychopathology and alcohol use. Lifestyle and physical health indicators were marginally relevant.
conclusionTransdiagnostic risk factors are important in predicting overall course of anxiety and depressive disorders but cannot accurately predict chronic course of the index disorder.
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