Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38013905›Full record

ArticleDigital discovery2023

Alchemical analysis of FDA approved drugs.

Markus Orsi, Daniel Probst, Philippe Schwaller, Jean-Louis Reymond

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Digital discovery, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Antimicrobial Peptide-Peptoid Macrocycles from the Polymyxin B2 Chemical Space.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025
    Article
  4. Chemical space as a unifying theme for chemistry.Journal of cheminformatics · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. One chiral fingerprint to find them all.Journal of cheminformatics · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Markus OrsiDepartment of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland jean-louis.reymond@unibe.ch.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0509-7011
Daniel ProbstEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne 1015 Lausanne Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1737-4407
Philippe SchwallerEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne 1015 Lausanne Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3046-6576
Jean-Louis ReymondDepartment of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland jean-louis.reymond@unibe.ch.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2724-2942

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chemical space maps help visualize similarities within molecular sets. However, there are many different molecular similarity measures resulting in a confusing number of possible comparisons. To overcome this limitation, we exploit the fact that tools designed for reaction informatics also work for alchemical processes that do not obey Lavoisier's principle, such as the transmutation of lead into gold. We start by using the differential reaction fingerprint (DRFP) to create tree-maps (TMAPs) representing the chemical space of pairs of drugs selected as being similar according to various molecular fingerprints. We then use the Transformer-based RXNMapper model to understand structural relationships between drugs, and its confidence score to distinguish between pairs related by chemically feasible transformations and pairs related by alchemical transmutations. This analysis reveals a diversity of structural similarity relationships that are otherwise difficult to analyze simultaneously. We exemplify this approach by visualizing FDA-approved drugs, EGFR inhibitors, and polymyxin B analogs.

Identifiers

PMID38013905
PMCPMC10561545

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.