ReviewPharmacological research2024
Powering prescription: Mitochondria as "Living Drugs" - Definition, clinical applications, and industry advancements.
Review in Pharmacological research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Mitochondrial Transfer in the Neurovascular Unit, Not Only for Energy Rescue: A Systematic Review.Aging and disease · 2024Pooled it
- Mitochondrial Communication Networks in the Bone Microenvironment: From the Maintenance of Homeostasis to Translational Interventions for Bone Diseases.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Horizontal mitochondrial transfer and mitochondrial transplantation in skin: protection against UVR-induced ROS damage and enhancement of cell proliferation and wound healing.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Anesthesia and mitochondria: balancing toxicity and protection through emerging therapeutic strategies.Journal of anesthesia · 2026Review
- Autophagy and mitophagy in dermatological disease: a comprehensive review from molecular pathways to therapeutic frontiers.Biology direct · 2025Review
- Biotechnological approaches and therapeutic potential of mitochondria transfer and transplantation.Nature communications · 2025Review
- Adipose-derived stem cells regulate mitochondrial dynamics to alleviate the aging of HFF-1 cells.In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal · 2025Article
- The potential of mitochondrial transfer as the modifying therapy for osteoarthritis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Decoding the nature and complexity of extracellular mtDNA: Types and implications for health and disease.Mitochondrion · 2024Article
- Understanding Post-COVID-19: Mechanisms, Neurological Complications, Current Treatments, and Emerging Therapies.International journal of general medicine · 2024Article
- Cardiotoxicity of Anticancer Drugs: Molecular Mechanisms, Clinical Management and Innovative Treatment.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Review
- MSC-derived exosomes for hemorrhagic stroke: preclinical evidence and translational challenges.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Mitochondria's role as engines and beacons of metabolism and determinants of cellular health is being redefined through their therapeutic application as "Living Drugs" (LDs). Artificial mitochondrial transfer/transplant (AMT/T), encompassing various techniques to modify, enrich, or restore mitochondria in cells and tissues, is revolutionizing acellular therapies and the future of medicine. This article proposes a necessary definition for LDs within the Advanced Therapeutic Medicinal Products (ATMPs) framework. While recognizing different types of LDs as ATMPs, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cells, we focus on mitochondria due to their unique attributes that distinguish them from traditional cell therapies. These attributes include their inherent living nature, diverse sources, industry applicability, validation, customizability for therapeutic needs, and their capability to adapt and respond within recipient cells. We trace the journey from initial breakthroughs in AMT/T to the current state-of-the-art applications by emerging innovative companies, highlighting the need for manufacturing standards to navigate the transition of mitochondrial therapies from concept to clinical practice. By providing a comprehensive overview of the scientific, clinical, and commercial landscape of mitochondria as LDs, this article contributes to the essential dialogue among regulatory agencies, academia, and industry to shape their future in medicine.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.