Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38012714›Full record

ArticleBMC medicine2023

Adherence to the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)/American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) Cancer Prevention Recommendations and risk of 14 lifestyle-related cancers in the UK Biobank prospective cohort study.

Fiona C Malcomson, Solange Parra-Soto, Frederick K Ho, Liya Lu, Carlos Celis-Morales, Linda Sharp, John C Mathers

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In one paragraph

Article in BMC medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Fiona C MalcomsonHuman Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
Solange Parra-SotoSchool of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Frederick K HoSchool of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Liya LuCentre for Cancer, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
Carlos Celis-MoralesSchool of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Linda SharpCentre for Cancer, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
John C MathersHuman Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK. john.mathers@newcastle.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0003-3406-3002

Funding

ANID-Becas Chile 72200012Wereld Kanker Onderzoek Fonds IIG_FULL_2020_032
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)/American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) Cancer Prevention Recommendations are lifestyle-based recommendations which aim to reduce cancer risk. This study investigated associations between adherence, assessed using a standardised scoring system, and the risk of all cancers combined and of 14 cancers for which there is strong evidence for links with aspects of lifestyle in the UK.

methodsWe used data from 94,778 participants (53% female, mean age 56 years) from the UK Biobank. Total adherence scores (range 0-7 points) were derived from dietary, physical activity, and anthropometric data. Associations between total score and cancer risk (all cancers combined; and prostate, breast, colorectal, lung, uterine, liver, pancreatic, stomach, oesophageal, head and neck, ovarian, kidney, bladder, and gallbladder cancer) were investigated using Cox proportional hazard models, adjusting for age, sex, deprivation index, ethnicity, and smoking status.

resultsMean total score was 3.8 (SD 1.0) points. During a median follow-up of 8 years, 7296 individuals developed cancer. Total score was inversely associated with risk of all cancers combined (HR: 0.93; 95%CI: 0.90-0.95 per 1-point increment), as well as breast (HR: 0.90; 95%CI: 0.86-0.95), colorectal (HR: 0.90; 95%CI: 0.84-0.97), kidney (HR: 0.82; 95%CI: 0.72-0.94), oesophageal (HR: 0.84; 95%CI: 0.71-0.98), ovarian (HR: 0.76; 95%CI: 0.65-0.90), liver (HR: 0.78; 95%CI: 0.63-0.97), and gallbladder (HR: 0.70; 95%CI: 0.53-0.93) cancers.

conclusionsGreater adherence to lifestyle-based recommendations was associated with reduced risk of all cancers combined and of breast, colorectal, kidney, oesophageal, ovarian, liver, and gallbladder cancers. Our findings support compliance with the Cancer Prevention Recommendations for cancer prevention in the UK.

Indexed as

Biological Specimen BanksColorectal NeoplasmsDietFemaleHumansLife StyleMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsUnited KingdomUnited StatesCancer incidenceCancer Prevention RecommendationsLifestyle

Identifiers

PMID38012714
PMCPMC10683228

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.