ArticleBMC pharmacology & toxicology2023
Determination of biochemical and histopathological changes on testicular and epididymis tissues induced by exposure to insecticide Imidacloprid during postnatal development in rats.
Article in BMC pharmacology & toxicology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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13 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Paternal Exposure to the Neonicotinoid Pesticide Clothianidin Alters Sperm MicroRNA Profiles in Mice and Intergenerationally Reduces Locomotor Activity in Male Offspring.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2026Article
- Thymoquinone attenuates tricyclazole-induced testicular dysfunction through endocrine, redox, histomorphometric and sperm function changes in rats.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Sex and adrenal hormone alteration in Ecuadorian adolescents with home and school proximity to floriculture crop area.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- Neonicotinoids and the Androgen Receptor: Structural Dynamics and Potential Signaling Disruption.Biology · 2026Article
- Protective effect ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- The distribution of neonicotinoids and their metabolites in paired semen and urine samples and associations with male reproductive hormones.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Prenatal Exposure to Imidacloprid Affects Cognition and Anxiety-Related Behaviors in Male and Female CD-1 Mice.Toxics · 2025Article
- Insecticides and testicular health: mechanisms of injury and protective natural products.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Toxicological impact of Thiamethoxam on adult male rats: Histopathological, biochemical, and oxidative DNA damage assessment.Toxicology reports · 2025Article
- Ameliorative effects of vitamin C and garlic (Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Echis ocellatus venom-induced sperm functional deficits, pro-apoptotic and inflammatory activities in male reproductive organs in rats: antagonistic role of kaempferol.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2024Article
- Assessing the Risks of Pesticide Exposure: Implications for Endocrine Disruption and Male Fertility.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Testicular protective effects of hesperidin against chemical and biological toxicants.Toxicology research · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImidacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide belonging to the chloronicotinyl nitroguanidine chemical family. Toxicity of IMD for mammals in scientific studies has shown high mutagenic, immunotoxic, teratogenic and neurotoxic effects. The present study was designed to assess the toxic effects of imidacloprid (IMD) on the testicular and epididymis tissues as well as testosterone levels of neonatal male rats.
methodsNeonatal male rats from postnatal day (PND) 1 to PND 26 were consecutively administered with different concentrations of IMD (1, 5 and 10 mg/kg) subcutaneously. The effect of IMD on body and organ weight, lipid profile, histopathological alterations, oxidative stress and altered testosterone levels were assessed in the testis and plasma.
resultsThe results of body weight gain showed a significant difference in group 4 (10 mg/kg) animals as compared to the control. A significant increase in total cholesterol and triglycerides, while a decrease in high-density lipoprotein concentrations was evident. Similarly, a significant decrease in concentrations of antioxidant enzymes (CAT and SOD) among all the IMD-treated groups was evident, when compared to the control. Increased production of ROS was also noticed in the highest-dose treatment group. Further, we observed that IMD-treated rats indicated histopathological changes in the testis and epididymis along with a significant decrease in the plasma testosterone concentrations among IMI-treated groups in contrast to the control. Histological examination of the testis of IMD-treated neonatal male rats also showed decreased spermatogenesis in the treated groups when compared to the control. Furthermore, an increase in lumen diameter and a decrease in epithelial height of seminiferous tubules were also observed in IMD-treated rats in comparison with the control.
conclusionIt is concluded that sub-chronic exposure to IMD in neonatal male rats may induce histopathological changes in reproductive tissues and damage normal testicular functions via inducing oxidative stress, decrease in body weight, disturbing normal blood lipid profile and testosterone concentration. IMD exposure can induce pathophysiological effects calls for further evaluation of this widely used insecticide.
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