SynthesisBMC geriatrics2023
Prevalence of frailty in Indonesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC geriatrics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Social frailty and related social vulnerabilities among older adults in the Philippines: A narrative review.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2026Review
- Nutrition literacy, dietary diversity, and frailty among older adults in China.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Voices from Primary Care: A Needs Assessment Among Multidisciplinary Primary-Care Teams for a Health Promotion Model-Based E-Counseling Platform to Support Fall Prevention Among Older Adults in Indonesia.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2026Article
- Article
- The Frailty, Fitness, and Psychophysical/Social Condition of Community-Dwelling Older Adults-Analysis of 5-Year Longitudinal Data.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Frailty in Geriatrics: A Critical Review with Content Analysis of Instruments, Overlapping Constructs, and Challenges in Diagnosis and Prognostic Precision.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Determinants and risk prediction models for frailty among community-living older adults in eastern China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Cognitive frailty in urban community-dwelling older adults: Associated physical and psychological risk factors.Journal of family & community medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFrailty increases the risks of hospitalization, injury, fall, psychological disorders, and death in older adults. Accurate estimation of the prevalence of frailty is crucial for promoting health in these individuals. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of frailty and prefrailty in older adults residing in Indonesia.
methodsIn accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, six electronic databases were searched (without any language restriction) for relevant articles from inception to February 2023. Studies on the prevalence of frailty and prefrailty in older adults (age ≥ 60 years) residing in Indonesia were included in the analysis. A random-effects model was selected a priori because of the expected high degree of heterogeneity in the study, followed by sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, and meta-regression. The protocol of this review study was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42022381132).
resultsA total of 79 studies were identified, of which 20 were finally included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence of frailty and prefrailty in older adults in Indonesia was 26.8% and 55.5%, respectively. The pooled prevalence of frailty and prefrailty was 37.9% and 44.8% in nursing homes, 26.3% and 61.4% in hospitals, and 21.1% and 59.6% in community settings, respectively. Furthermore, the pooled prevalence of frailty and prefrailty was 21.6% and 64.3%, 18.7% and 62%, and 27.8% and 59.8% in studies using the Frailty Index-40, FRAIL, and Fried Frailty Phenotype questionnaires, respectively. However, the parameters did not vary significantly across measurement tools or study settings. Publication bias was not detected while the year of data collection influenced the heterogeneity between the studies.
conclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this study is the first meta-analysis to report the prevalence of frailty and prefrailty in older adults residing in Indonesia. The gradual increase in the number of older adults with frailty or prefrailty in Indonesia is concerning. Therefore, the government, private sectors, health-care professionals, and the community must jointly design effective strategies and policies to address this problem.
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