ArticleBJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology2025
Neonatal mortality risk of large-for-gestational-age and macrosomic live births in 15 countries, including 115.6 million nationwide linked records, 2000-2020.
Article in BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trends in the Prevalence of Macrosomia Among Live Births in Greece: A Nationwide Analysis, 1980-2023.Cureus · 2026Article
- Article
- Adverse perinatal outcomes associated with macrosomia in nulliparous women: A multicenter cohort study.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Article
- Neonatal mortality risk of large-for-gestational-age and macrosomic live births in 15 countries, including 115.6 million nationwide linked records, 2000-2020.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Article
- Vulnerable newborn types: analysis of subnational, population-based birth cohorts for 541 285 live births in 23 countries, 2000-2021.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Article
- Air pollution exposure during pregnancy and low birth weight and macrosomia: the role of gestational diabetes mellitus.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- An evaluation of macrosomia risk factors in a cohort of Chinese women and neonates.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Article
- The neonatal mortality risk of vulnerable newborns in rural Bangladesh: A prospective cohort study within the Shonjibon trial.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2025Article
- Mapping neonatal vulnerability using the Small Vulnerable Newborn (SVN) framework-secondary analysis of PRISMA Pakistan study.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2025Article
- Incidence and predictors of adverse birth outcomes among women who gave birth at Assosa general hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Re-evaluating large for gestational age: differential effects on perinatal outcomes in term and premature births.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
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40 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveWe aimed to compare the prevalence and neonatal mortality associated with large for gestational age (LGA) and macrosomia among 115.6 million live births in 15 countries, between 2000 and 2020.
designPopulation-based, multi-country study.
settingNational healthcare systems. POPULATION: Liveborn infants.
methodsWe used individual-level data identified for the Vulnerable Newborn Measurement Collaboration. We calculated the prevalence and relative risk (RR) of neonatal mortality among live births born at term + LGA (>90th centile, and also >95th and >97th centiles when the data were available) versus term + appropriate for gestational age (AGA, 10th-90th centiles) and macrosomic (≥4000, ≥4500 and ≥5000 g, regardless of gestational age) versus 2500-3999 g. INTERGROWTH 21st served as the reference population.
main outcome measuresPrevalence and neonatal mortality risks.
resultsLarge for gestational age was common (median prevalence 18.2%; interquartile range, IQR, 13.5%-22.0%), and overall was associated with a lower neonatal mortality risk compared with AGA (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.77-0.89). Around one in ten babies were ≥4000 g (median prevalence 9.6% (IQR 6.4%-13.3%), with 1.2% (IQR 0.7%-2.0%) ≥4500 g and with 0.2% (IQR 0.1%-0.2%) ≥5000 g). Overall, macrosomia of ≥4000 g was not associated with increased neonatal mortality risk (RR 0.80, 95% CI 0.69-0.94); however, a higher risk was observed for birthweights of ≥4500 g (RR 1.52, 95% CI 1.10-2.11) and ≥5000 g (RR 4.54, 95% CI 2.58-7.99), compared with birthweights of 2500-3999 g, with the highest risk observed in the first 7 days of life.
conclusionsIn this population, birthweight of ≥4500 g was the most useful marker for early mortality risk in big babies and could be used to guide clinical management decisions.
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