ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2023
Social stress induces autoimmune responses against the brain.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization and Colocalization Study of Memory B Cells and Major Depressive Disorder.Current medical science · 2026Pooled it
- Cardiopulmonary hospitalization risks from wildfire-specific and non-wildfire PMNature communications · 2026Article
- Understanding fibromyalgia beyond pain: emotional imbalance and the case for compassionate care.RMD open · 2026Review
- Review
- An emerging theoretical lens post global epidemic and turmoil: Psychological immunity.Dialogues in health · 2026Review
- Immunity in Rodent Models of Stress.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- Cross-Organ Neuroimmunology of Behavior.Annual review of immunology · 2026Review
- A Multifactorial Case of Acquired Hemophilia A.Cureus · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial CISD1 Modulates Microglial Metabolic Reprogramming to Drive Stress Susceptibility in Mice.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Opposing roles of microglial and macrophagic C3ar1 signaling in stress-induced synaptic and behavioral changes.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Psychological trauma increases blood pressure sensitivity to angiotensin II via T-lymphocytes independent of psychopathology.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Cerebrovascular-mediated dynamic alterations in neurovascular coupling: a key pathological mechanism of depression.Cell & bioscience · 2025Review
- Article
- Advancing an Inflammatory Subtype of Major Depression.The American journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- Sex-specific regulation of microglial MyD88 in HMGB1-Induced anxiety phenotype in mice.Neurobiology of stress · 2025Article
- Association between a history of mental illness and the risk of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases: a nationwide, population-based case-control study.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- Psychological trauma increases blood pressure sensitivity to angiotensin II via T-lymphocytes independent of psychopathology.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Article
- Beyond the Surface: Tracing the Evolution of Inflammatory Mechanism in Depression through Bibliometric Analysis.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2025Review
- Microglial MyD88-dependent pathways are regulated in a sex-specific manner in the context of HMGB1-induced anxiety.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Restoring immune tolerance in pemphigus vulgaris.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Clinical studies have revealed a high comorbidity between autoimmune diseases and psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the mechanisms connecting autoimmunity and depression remain unclear. Here, we aim to identify the processes by which stress impacts the adaptive immune system and the implications of such responses to depression. To examine this relationship, we analyzed antibody responses and autoimmunity in the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model in mice, and in clinical samples from patients with MDD. We show that socially stressed mice have elevated serum antibody concentrations. We also confirm that social stress leads to the expansion of specific T and B cell populations within the cervical lymph nodes, where brain-derived antigens are preferentially delivered. Sera from stress-susceptible (SUS) mice exhibited high reactivity against brain tissue, and brain-reactive immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels positively correlated with social avoidance behavior. IgG antibody concentrations in the brain were significantly higher in SUS mice than in unstressed mice, and positively correlated with social avoidance. Similarly, in humans, increased peripheral levels of brain-reactive IgG antibodies were associated with increased anhedonia. In vivo assessment of IgG antibodies showed they largely accumulate around blood vessels in the brain only in SUS mice. B cell-depleted mice exhibited stress resilience following CSDS, confirming the contribution of antibody-producing cells to social avoidance behavior. This study provides mechanistic insights connecting stress-induced autoimmune reactions against the brain and stress susceptibility. Therapeutic strategies targeting autoimmune responses might aid in the treatment of patients with MDD featuring immune abnormalities.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.