Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38011515›Full record

ArticleACS sensors2023

Compact Point-of-Care Device for Self-Administered HIV Viral Load Tests from Whole Blood.

Tianyi Liu, Anthony J Politza, Aneesh Kshirsagar, Yusheng Zhu, Weihua Guan

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS sensors, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  6. The Critical Importance of Clinical Use Case to Inform Point-of-Care Technology Development: A Case Study of HIV Nucleic Acid Assays in the United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
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  11. Article
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  14. Comprehensive Review on Viral RNA Extraction Strategies for Enhanced Molecular Diagnostics.Interdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases · 2025
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Sample-to-answer salivary miRNA testing: New frontiers in point-of-care diagnostic technologies.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Tianyi LiuDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.
Anthony J PolitzaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.
Aneesh KshirsagarDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-2288-5439
Yusheng ZhuDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States.
Weihua GuanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-8435-9672
Pennsylvania State University · US

Funding

Home Fingerprick Blood-Based HIV Self-Test For Quantitative Monitoring Of Viral ReboundR33AI147419 · NIAID · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE · PI GUAN, WEIHUA · 2023 to 2024
$1.3M
Home Fingerprick Blood-Based HIV Self-Test For Quantitative Monitoring Of Viral ReboundR61AI147419 · NIAID · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE · PI GUAN, WEIHUA · 2020 to 2022
$1.0M
NIAID NIH HHS R33 AI147419NIAID NIH HHS R61 AI147419
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a significant problem to consider as it can lead to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Fortunately, AIDS is manageable through antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, frequent viral load monitoring is needed to monitor the effectiveness of the therapy. The current reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) viral load monitoring is highly effective, but is challenged by being resource-intensive and inaccessible, and its turnaround time does not meet demand. An unmet need exists for an affordable, rapid, and user-friendly point-of-care device that could revolutionize and ensure therapeutic effectiveness, particularly in resource-limited settings. In this work, we explored a point-of-care HIV viral load device to address this need. This device can perform streamlined plasma separation, viral RNA extraction, and real-time reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) semiquantitative testing in an ultracompact device. We developed an absorption-based membrane plasma separation method suitable for finger-prick blood samples, achieving an efficiency of 80%. We also designed a syringe-based RNA extraction method for on-site plasma processing with a viral recovery efficiency of 86%. We created a portable device with a smartphone interface for real-time semiquantitative RT-LAMP, which is useful for monitoring viral load. The device uses lyophilized reagents, processed with our lyophilization method, which remain stable for 16 weeks. The device can accurately categorize viral load into low, medium, and high categories with 95% accuracy. We believe this point-of-care HIV self-test device, offering convenience and long-term storage, could aid patients in home-based ART treatment monitoring.

Indexed as

Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeHIV-1HIV InfectionsHumansPoint-of-Care SystemsViral LoadHIVnucleic acid testingquantificationRT-LAMPself-testingviral load

Identifiers

PMID38011515
PMCPMC11222019
OpenAlexW4389042007

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.