ArticleJournal of experimental orthopaedics2023
The morphology of the femoral posterior condyle affects the external rotation of the femur.
Article in Journal of experimental orthopaedics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Structural osteoarthritis pathogenesis correlates with distinct pain and dysfunction profiles after ACL injury in rats.Lab animal · 2026Article
- Bone morphology and alignment features are associated with knee kinematics in healthy individuals: A scoping review.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2026Review
- Shape Memory Alloys Patches to Mimic Rolling, Sliding, and Spinning Movements of the Knee.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
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8 authors.
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Abstract
purposeThe purpose of this study was to identify factors related to the external rotation of the femur during knee flexion.
methodsThree-dimensional (3D) digital models of the femur and tibia were reconstructed from computed tomography images of 41 healthy Japanese subjects. Thirteen parameters related to femoral and tibial morphology and alignment of the lower extremities were evaluated, including the inclination angle of the posterior lateral and medial femoral condyles, the ratio of the medial and lateral posterior condyle radii approximated as spheres, the spherical condylar angle, the posterior condylar angle, the medial and lateral posterior tibial slope, the difference of medial and lateral posterior tibial slope, the tibiofemoral rotation angle, the 3D femorotibial angle, the 3D hip-knee-ankle angle, and the passing point of the weight-bearing line (medial-lateral and anterior-posterior). The rotation angle of the femur relative to the tibia during squatting was investigated using a 3D to 2D image matching technique and the relationships with the13 parameters were determined.
resultsThe femur externally rotated substantially up to 20° of knee flexion (9.2° ± 3.7°) and gently rotated after 20° of knee flexion (12.8° ± 6.2°). The external rotation angle at 20°-120° of knee flexion correlated with the spherical condylar angle, the tibiofemoral rotation angle and the inclination angle of the posterior medial condyles (correlation coefficient; 0.506, 0.364, 0.337, respectively).
conclusionThe parameter that was most related to the external rotation of the femur during knee flexion was the spherical condylar angle. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.
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