ReviewVaccines2023
Immunotherapeutic Agents for Intratumoral Immunotherapy.
Review in Vaccines, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extended-Release Immunotherapy-Eluting Embolics.Cancers · 2026Article
- Use of Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitors in Combination Therapy for Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Review and Narrative Synthesis.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2026Review
- An innovative treatment for lung cancer using gene-engineered human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived natural killer cells.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Advancements in intratumoral therapies for liver tumors.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Article
- Ethanol inhibits the growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by inducing immunogenic cell death.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Review
- Unmasking the potential: mechanisms of neuroinflammatory modulation by oncolytic viruses in glioblastoma.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2025Review
- Intratumoral immunotherapy prior to cancer surgery, a promising therapeutic approach.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Microbubble-Protected Oncolytic Virotherapy Targeted by Sonoporation Induces Tumor Necrosis and T-Lymphocyte Infiltration in Humanized Mice Bearing Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Personalized nanovaccines for treating solid cancer metastases.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2024Review
- Nanocarrier design for pathogen-inspired innate immune agonist delivery.Trends in immunology · 2024Review
- Multi-armored allogeneic MUC1 CAR T cells enhance efficacy and safety in triple-negative breast cancer.Science advances · 2024Article
- Infusion and delivery strategies to maximize the efficacy of CAR-T cell immunotherapy for cancers.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2024Review
- Preclinical safety assessment and immunological evaluation of xenogeneic mammary cells of porcine origin, utilized as an intralesional immunotherapeutic agent.Cell transplantationArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immunotherapy using systemic immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells has revolutionized cancer treatment, but it only benefits a subset of patients. Systemic immunotherapies cause severe autoimmune toxicities and cytokine storms. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) plus the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) have been linked to the inefficacy of systemic immunotherapy. Intratumoral immunotherapy that increases immunotherapeutic agent bioavailability inside tumors could enhance the efficacy of immunotherapies and reduce systemic toxicities. In preclinical and clinical studies, intratumoral administration of immunostimulatory agents from small molecules to xenogeneic cells has demonstrated antitumor effects not only on the injected tumors but also against noninjected lesions. Herein, we review and discuss the results of these approaches in preclinical models and clinical trials to build the landscape of intratumoral immunotherapeutic agents and we describe how they stimulate the body's immune system to trigger antitumor immunity as well as the challenges in clinical practice. Systemic and intratumoral combination immunotherapy would make the best use of the body's immune system to treat cancers. Combining precision medicine and immunotherapy in cancer treatment would treat both the mutated targets in tumors and the weakened body's immune system simultaneously, exerting maximum effects of the medical intervention.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.