Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38003477›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2023

Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown in Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and Targeted Strategies.

Amer E Alkhalifa, Nour F Al-Ghraiybah, Julia Odum, John G Shunnarah, Nataleigh Austin, Amal Kaddoumi

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 132 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
132citing papers in PubMed
18.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

132 citing papers in PubMed, 153 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Anatomy of a Setback: A Taxonomy of Clinical Trial Failures in Alzheimer's Disease and Strategic Lessons for the Future.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Rethinking blood-brain barrier permeability in Alzheimer's disease: insights from APOE genotype-specific associations.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Limitations of Current Therapies and Barriers in Alzheimer's Disease.Archives of internal medicine research · 2026
    Article
  20. Review

72 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Amer E AlkhalifaDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, 720 S. Donahue Dr., Auburn, AL 36849, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6872-4780
Nour F Al-GhraiybahDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, 720 S. Donahue Dr., Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Julia OdumDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, 720 S. Donahue Dr., Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
John G ShunnarahDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, 720 S. Donahue Dr., Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Nataleigh AustinDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, 720 S. Donahue Dr., Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Amal KaddoumiDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, 720 S. Donahue Dr., Auburn, AL 36849, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9792-7766
Auburn University · US

Funding

5HT3 receptors and blood-brain barrier dysfunction in ADRDR21NS130503 · NINDS · AUGUSTA UNIVERSITY · PI KHALIL KADDOUMI, AMAL F · 2023 to 2023
$392k
Repurposing of R-etodolac for Alzheimer's disease and related disordersR61NS126622 · NINDS · AUBURN UNIVERSITY AT AUBURN · PI KHALIL KADDOUMI, AMAL F · 2023 to 2023
$309k
NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS130503NINDS NIH HHS R61 NS126622
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a unique and selective feature of the central nervous system's vasculature. BBB dysfunction has been observed as an early sign of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) before the onset of dementia or neurodegeneration. The intricate relationship between the BBB and the pathogenesis of AD, especially in the context of neurovascular coupling and the overlap of pathophysiology in neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases, underscores the urgency to understand the BBB's role more deeply. Preserving or restoring the BBB function emerges as a potentially promising strategy for mitigating the progression and severity of AD. Molecular and genetic changes, such as the isoform ε4 of apolipoprotein E (ApoEε4), a significant genetic risk factor and a promoter of the BBB dysfunction, have been shown to mediate the BBB disruption. Additionally, receptors and transporters like the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), P-glycoprotein (P-gp), and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGEs) have been implicated in AD's pathogenesis. In this comprehensive review, we endeavor to shed light on the intricate pathogenic and therapeutic connections between AD and the BBB. We also delve into the latest developments and pioneering strategies targeting the BBB for therapeutic interventions, addressing its potential as a barrier and a carrier. By providing an integrative perspective, we anticipate paving the way for future research and treatments focused on exploiting the BBB's role in AD pathogenesis and therapy.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseCerebrovascular DisordersAmyloid beta-PeptidesBiological TransportBlood-Brain BarrierHumansAmyloid beta-PeptidesAlzheimer’s diseaseBBBblood–brain barrierdrug developmentmechanismreceptorstransporters

Identifiers

PMID38003477
PMCPMC10671257
OpenAlexW4388669142

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.