Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38001422›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2023

Diagnosing norms and norm change in rural Bangladesh: an exploration of gendered social norms and women's empowerment.

Shivani Chandramohan, Allison P Salinger, Amanda S Wendt, Jillian L Waid, Md Abul Kalam, Maryann G Delea, Dawn L Comeau, Shafinaz Sobhan, Sabine Gabrysch, Sheela Sinharoy

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Shivani ChandramohanBehavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Allison P SalingerHubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Mailstop 1518-002-7BB Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Amanda S WendtResearch Department 2, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, 14412, Potsdam, Germany.
Jillian L WaidResearch Department 2, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, 14412, Potsdam, Germany.
Md Abul KalamBangladesh Country Office, Helen Keller International, Rd No 82, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.
Maryann G DeleaHubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Mailstop 1518-002-7BB Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Dawn L ComeauBehavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Shafinaz SobhanResearch Department 2, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, 14412, Potsdam, Germany.
Sabine GabryschResearch Department 2, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, 14412, Potsdam, Germany.
Sheela SinharoyHubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Mailstop 1518-002-7BB Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA. sheela.sinharoy@emory.edu.
Emory University · USPotsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research · DELeibniz Association · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGender-transformative public health programs often aim to address power inequities between men and women and promote women's empowerment. However, to achieve transformative change, it is necessary to first identify the underlying norms that perpetuate these power imbalances. The objective of our study was to use Bicchieri's theory of social norms and model of norm change to identify gendered norms and evidence of norm change amongst participants of the Food and Agricultural Approaches to Reducing Malnutrition (FAARM) trial in rural Sylhet Division, Bangladesh.

methodsWe conducted ten life history interviews, 16 key informant interviews, and four focus group discussions with women and men in communities within the FAARM study site in rural, north-eastern Bangladesh. We performed a thematic analysis as well as a relational analysis of the data.

resultsWe found that social norms dictated the extent and ways in which women participated in household decisions, the locations they could visit, and their autonomy to use household resources. We also found evidence of changes to gendered social norms over time and the desire amongst some men and women to abandon restrictive norms. Certain intersecting factors, such as education and employment, were identified as facilitators and barriers to women's empowerment and the related gendered expectations.

conclusionsOur findings corroborate existing norms literature, which highlights the strong role social norms play in influencing women's empowerment and behaviour. Our study provides an example of rigorous qualitative methodology that others may follow to assess gendered social norms that can be targeted for transformative change.

Indexed as

MalnutritionSocial NormsBangladeshClinical Trials as TopicEmpowermentFemaleFocus GroupsGender IdentityHumansMaleAgencyEmpowermentNorm abandonmentNorm changeNorms diagnosisSocial norms

Identifiers

PMID38001422
PMCPMC10675851
OpenAlexW4388978033

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.