ArticleNature communications2023
Stepwise differentiation of follicular helper T cells reveals distinct developmental and functional states.
Article in Nature communications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- A unified network systems approach uncovers a core program underlying T follicular helper cell differentiation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Circulating T-follicular helper and type I regulatory T cells have overlapping phenotypes inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Stability and progressive differentiation of TNature immunology · 2026Article
- A microenvironment-driven HLA-II-associated insulin neoantigen elicits persistent memory T cell activation in diabetes.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Multimodal analysis definesbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Optimal CXCR5 expression during Tfh maturation involves the Bhlhe40-Pou2af1 axis.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Dynamics of local B cell migration during affinity maturation in the human tonsil.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Resolving ScRNA-Seq Signatures of Antigen-Specific CD4bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Intranodal expansion of follicular T helper cells in patients with multiple sclerosis.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Clonal relationships between Tph and Tfh cells in patients with SLE and in murine lupus.Research square · 2025Article
- Clonal relationships between Tph and Tfh cells in patients with SLE and in murine lupus.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- From bench to bed: deep insights the tacrolimus-induced diabetes and gut microbiota dysbiosis.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Mature Dendritic Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles are Potent Mucosal Adjuvants for Influenza Hemagglutinin Vaccines.ACS nano · 2025Article
- Targeted delivery of IL-21 neutralizing nanotherapeutics to lymph nodes and kidney allografts attenuates B cell alloimmunity.Kidney international · 2025Article
- Type 1 Diabetes Depends on CD4-Driven Expression of the Transcriptional Repressor Bcl6.Diabetes · 2025Article
- The inflammaging microenvironment induces dysfunctional rewiring of Tfh cell differentiation.JCI insight · 2025Article
- T-Follicular Helper Cells and Their Role in Autoimmune Diseases.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- High-dimensional profiling of immune responses to kidney transplant reveals heterogeneous T helper 1 and B cell effectors associated with rejection.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2025Article
- Follicular regulatory T cells restrain kidney allograft rejection in mice by suppressing alloreactive B cells.Nature communications · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells are essential for the formation of high affinity antibodies after vaccination or infection. Although the signals responsible for initiating Tfh differentiation from naïve T cells have been studied, the signals controlling sequential developmental stages culminating in optimal effector function are not well understood. Here we use fate mapping strategies for the cytokine IL-21 to uncover sequential developmental stages of Tfh differentiation including a progenitor-like stage, a fully developed effector stage and a post-effector Tfh stage that maintains transcriptional and epigenetic features without IL-21 production. We find that progression through these stages are controlled intrinsically by the transcription factor FoxP1 and extrinsically by follicular regulatory T cells. Through selective deletion of Tfh stages, we show that these cells control antibody dynamics during distinct stages of the germinal center reaction in response to a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Together, these studies demonstrate the sequential phases of Tfh development and how they promote humoral immunity.
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