ArticleNucleic acids research2024
Co-transcriptional folding of the glmS ribozyme enables a rapid response to metabolite.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Functional characterization of dynamic nascent RNA folding ensembles in real time.Science advances · 2026Article
- Directional co-transcriptional folding and pausing create kinetic checkpoints for riboswitch-controlled gene expression.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Post-translational modifications of GlmR integrate metabolic and stress signals to maintain cell envelope homeostasis in Bacillus subtilis.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- Metastable Folding of Bacillus subtilis glmS Ribozyme Modulates Turnover by RNase J1.Journal of molecular biology · 2026Article
- Co-transcriptional folding orchestrates sequential multi-effector sensing by a glycine tandem riboswitch.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Nascent RNA Folding and RNP Assembly Revealed by Single-molecule Microscopy.Journal of molecular biology · 2026Review
- Structure of the 30S translation initiation complex coupled to paused RNA polymerase and its potential for riboregulation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Staying in the loop to make ends meet: roles and regulation of GlmR inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Transcription reshapes RNA hairpin folding pathways revealed by all-atom molecular dynamics simulations.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Tiny but multi-stable: four distinct conformational states govern the ligand-free state of the preQ1 riboswitch from a thermophilic bacterium.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Article
- Optimized periphery-core interface increases fitness of the Bacillus subtilis glmS ribozyme.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Opportunities for Riboswitch Inhibition by Targeting Co-Transcriptional RNA Folding Events.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The glmS ribozyme riboswitch, located in the 5' untranslated region of the Bacillus subtilis glmS messenger RNA (mRNA), regulates cell wall biosynthesis through ligand-induced self-cleavage and decay of the glmS mRNA. Although self-cleavage of the refolded glmS ribozyme has been studied extensively, it is not known how early the ribozyme folds and self-cleaves during transcription. Here, we combine single-molecule fluorescence with kinetic modeling to show that self-cleavage can occur during transcription before the ribozyme is fully synthesized. Moreover, co-transcriptional folding of the RNA at a physiological elongation rate allows the ribozyme catalytic core to react without the downstream peripheral stability domain. Dimethyl sulfate footprinting further revealed how slow sequential folding favors formation of the native core structure through fraying of misfolded helices and nucleation of a native pseudoknot. Ribozyme self-cleavage at an early stage of transcription may benefit glmS regulation in B. subtilis, as it exposes the mRNA to exoribonuclease before translation of the open reading frame can begin. Our results emphasize the importance of co-transcriptional folding of RNA tertiary structure for cis-regulation of mRNA stability.
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