Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37999496›Full record

ArticleToxins2023

Mycotoxin Occurrence in Milk and Durum Wheat Samples from Tunisia Using Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction and Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection.

Khouloud Ben Hassouna, Ahmed M Hamed, Jalila Ben Salah-Abbès, Kamel Chaieb, Samir Abbès, Ana M García-Campaña, Laura Gámiz-Gracia

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Toxins, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Khouloud Ben HassounaLaboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Bio-Resources Valorisation, High Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.
Ahmed M HamedDairy Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-8735-5239
Jalila Ben Salah-AbbèsLaboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Bio-Resources Valorisation, High Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.
Kamel ChaiebLaboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Environmental Pollutants and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.
Samir AbbèsLaboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Bio-Resources Valorisation, High Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.ORCID 0000-0002-8466-5063
Ana M García-CampañaDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-3191-3350
Laura Gámiz-GraciaDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-8880-5000
University of Monastir · TNUniversidad de Granada · ESCairo University · EG

Funding

Andalusia Government PROYEXCEL_00195Egyptian Government for the postdoctoral grant offered by the Cultural Affairs and Mission Sector (Central Administration of Mission) PD02-2019Spanish MCIN/AEI PID2021-127804OB-I00
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Food and feed contamination with mycotoxins is a major public health concern. Humans and animals are exposed to these toxins by consuming contaminated products throughout their lives. In this study, a method based on dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), followed by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (LC-FLD), was validated for the determination of aflatoxins (AFs) M1, B1, B2, G1, G2, zearalenone (ZEN), and ochratoxin A (OTA). The method was applied to 150 raw cow milk samples and 90 market durum wheat samples from two Tunisian climatic regions: the littoral region (Mahdia) and the continental region (Béja). This work was carried out to obtain more surveillance data to support rapid initiatives to assure safe foods and protect consumer health and to estimate the daily exposure of the Tunisian population consuming those products. AFG2 and OTA were found in wheat with incidences of 54.4 and 11.1%, respectively. On the other side, milk samples were contaminated by AFG2, AFB1, and AFB2 with incidences of 8.7%, 2.0%, and 0.67%, respectively. Some of the samples showed OTA concentrations above the maximum limit allowed by the European Union, which represents a health risk for consumers in Tunisia, where no legislation exists about the maximum content of mycotoxins in food.

Indexed as

AflatoxinsLiquid Phase MicroextractionMycotoxinsAflatoxin B1AnimalsCattleChromatography, High Pressure LiquidChromatography, LiquidFemaleFood ContaminationHumansMilkTriticumTunisiaAflatoxin B1AflatoxinsMycotoxinscerealsmilkmycotoxinsrisk assessmentTunisia

Identifiers

PMID37999496
PMCPMC10675211
OpenAlexW4388017663

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.