Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37996434›Full record

ArticleNature communications2023

3D reconstructions of parasite development and the intracellular niche of the microsporidian pathogen Encephalitozoon intestinalis.

Noelle V Antao, Cherry Lam, Ari Davydov, Margot Riggi, Joseph Sall, Christopher Petzold, Feng-Xia Liang, Janet H Iwasa, Damian C Ekiert, Gira Bhabha

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Quantitative three-dimensional imaging ofInfection and immunity · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
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  6. Review
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  8. ThebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
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  11. Article
  12. Cryo-ET reveals the in situ architecture of the polar tube invasion apparatus from microsporidian parasites.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  13. Prevalence and Individualized Risk Factors ofJournal of clinical medicine · 2025
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Noelle V AntaoDepartment of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Cherry LamDepartment of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Ari DavydovDepartment of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Margot RiggiDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA.
Joseph SallOffice of Science and Research Microscopy Laboratory, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Christopher PetzoldOffice of Science and Research Microscopy Laboratory, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Feng-Xia LiangDepartment of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0037-4590
Janet H IwasaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA.
Damian C EkiertDepartment of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. damian.ekiert@ekiertlab.org.ORCID 0000-0002-2570-0404
Gira BhabhaDepartment of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. gira.bhabha@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0003-0624-6178
New York University · USOffice of Science · USUniversity of Utah · USMédecins Sans Frontières · US

Funding

Vaccine FacilityP30CA016087 · NCI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI ANIRBAN MAITRA · 1985 to 2026
$83.1M
Structural basis of the polar tube invasion machinery from microsporidia parasitesR01AI147131 · NIAID · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI BHABHA, GIRA · 2020 to 2024
$3.4M
Scanning Electron Microscope with 3ViewS10OD019974 · OD · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI LIANG, FENGXIA · 2016 to 2016
$1.1M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016087NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI147131NIH HHS S10 OD019974
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microsporidia are an early-diverging group of fungal pathogens with a wide host range. Several microsporidian species cause opportunistic infections in humans that can be fatal. As obligate intracellular parasites with highly reduced genomes, microsporidia are dependent on host metabolites for successful replication and development. Our knowledge of microsporidian intracellular development remains rudimentary, and our understanding of the intracellular niche occupied by microsporidia has relied on 2D TEM images and light microscopy. Here, we use serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) to capture 3D snapshots of the human-infecting species, Encephalitozoon intestinalis, within host cells. We track E. intestinalis development through its life cycle, which allows us to propose a model for how its infection organelle, the polar tube, is assembled de novo in developing spores. 3D reconstructions of parasite-infected cells provide insights into the physical interactions between host cell organelles and parasitophorous vacuoles, which contain the developing parasites. The host cell mitochondrial network is substantially remodeled during E. intestinalis infection, leading to mitochondrial fragmentation. SBF-SEM analysis shows changes in mitochondrial morphology in infected cells, and live-cell imaging provides insights into mitochondrial dynamics during infection. Our data provide insights into parasite development, polar tube assembly, and microsporidia-induced host mitochondria remodeling.

Indexed as

EncephalitozoonMicrosporidiaParasitesAnimalsHumansImaging, Three-Dimensional

Identifiers

PMID37996434
PMCPMC10667486
OpenAlexW4388946285

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.