Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37996254›Full record

ArticleAnnals of clinical biochemistry2024

Implementation of point-of-care HbA1C instruments into community pharmacies: Initial development of a pathway for robust community testing.

Andrew Radley, Lewis Beer, Danya Rushdi, Hazel Close, Stephen McBurney, Adrian Mackenzie, Anna Gourlay, Anna Barnett, Alison Grant, Neil Greig and 2 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Annals of clinical biochemistry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.

Andrew RadleySchool of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4772-2388
Lewis BeerTASC, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
Danya RushdiBlood Sciences, NHS Tayside, Dundee, UK.
Hazel ClosePharmacy Services, NHS Fife, Kirkcaldy, UK.
Stephen McBurneyPharmacy Services, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.
Adrian MackenziePharmacy Services, NHS Borders, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9707-5433
Anna GourlaySchool of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
Anna BarnettNHS Research Scotland, Diabetes Network and School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
Alison GrantDiabetes Scotland, Glasgow, UK.
Neil GreigBlood Sciences, NHS Tayside, Dundee, UK.
Ellie DowBlood Sciences, NHS Tayside, Dundee, UK.
Calum SutherlandSchool of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
University of Dundee · GBNHS Tayside · GBBorders General Hospital · GBDiabetes UK · GBNational Health Service Scotland · GBNHS Fife · GBNHS Lothian · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPoint-of-care (POC) analysers in community settings can provide opportunistic and regular HbA1c monitoring. Community pharmacies in NHS Scotland are utilised by populations at greatest risk of type two diabetes (T2D). This study describes initial development of an HbA1c pathway using a POC analyser in community pharmacies.

methodsThe Abbott Afinion analyser was compared in (i) NHS Tayside's Blood Sciences Service and (ii) community pharmacies from four Scottish Health Boards. A side by side comparison with standard operating procedures for HbA1c quantification using 80 T2D patient venous samples. The machine was implemented into 11 community pharmacies and 144 samples obtained from patients for comparison to their recent laboratory HbA1c. Four focus groups examined themes around the intervention and an exit questionnaire was administered.

resultsLaboratory assessment verified the efficacy of the POC test machine. The value for level 1 quality control was 44 mmol/mol and the mean during testing 42.7 mmol/mol. The greatest percent coefficient of variation (cv) was within-run for both levels of quality control material, at a value of 1.63% and 1.62%, respectively. The analyser performed robustly within the pharmacy assessment, with a mean difference of 1.68 and a standard deviation of 0.71 (CV 0.423). Patients with T2D reported positive experiences of using a pharmacy. The focus groups identified an appreciation of the convenience of pharmacies and of the longitudinal relationships with pharmacy staff.

conclusionPOC HbA1c analysers can be successfully established in community pharmacies. The target patient group responded positively to the opportunity to use a pharmacy service.

Indexed as

Community Pharmacy ServicesGlycated HemoglobinHematologic TestsPoint-of-Care SystemsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleHealth Plan ImplementationHumansMaleMiddle AgedGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanCommunity PharmacyHbA1c testingPoint-of-CareType 2 Diabetes

Identifiers

PMID37996254
PMCPMC11337724
OpenAlexW4388960614

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.