ArticleArchives of physical medicine and rehabilitation2024
Performance of the Physical Functioning Activities of Daily Living Scale in the 2020 Medicare Health Outcomes Survey.
Article in Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.
- A perspective on the use of patient-reported experience and patient-reported outcome measures in ambulatory healthcare.Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveAssessing functional limitations for adults at high risk of frailty yields valuable information for identifying those in need of therapy. We evaluate a self-report measure used to assess physical function among Medicare recipients in the United States.
designSecondary analysis of the 2020 Medicare Health Outcomes Survey.
settingA random sample of adult enrollees of 510 managed care plans.
participants287,476 adults (37% completion rate): 58% women; 16% were <65 years old (entitled via disability), 50% 65-74, and 34% 75 or older; 77% White, 14% Black, and 8% another race; 19% had <high school education.
interventionsNot applicable.
main outcome measureWe evaluate item distributions, dimensionality, monotonicity of response options, reliability, and validity of the 8-item Physical Functioning Activities of Daily Living (PFADL) scale.
resultsMost reported they could do 6 basic activities of daily living without difficulty. More limitations were reported for the other 2 PFADL items: 32% were not limited at all in climbing several flights of stairs and 40% in moderate activities. Product-moment correlations among the 8 items ranged from r=0.19 between the easiest-to-do (eating) and most difficult-to-do (climbing several flights of stairs) items to r=0.73 between bathing and dressing. The coefficient alpha and omega for the 8-item scale were both 0.86. Item slopes ranged from 2.6 (climbing several flights of stairs and eating) to 4.8 (dressing). Item characteristic curves revealed that response options were most likely to be selected in the appropriate order along the physical functioning continuum. The PFADL had at least 0.80 reliability between about -3 SDs below the mean to the mean. It was negatively correlated with comorbid condition count, disability days, problems with balance or walking, falling, and obesity.
conclusionsThe PFADL is useful for assessing average or below physical function in Medicare recipients.
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Registered trials
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