ArticleFetal diagnosis and therapy2024
Fetal Echogenic Bowel: What Is Real Echogenicity? A Quantitative Method Based on Histogram Analysis of the Grayscale.
Article in Fetal diagnosis and therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Thoracic Ultrasound for Pre-Procedural Dynamic Assessment of Non-Expandable Lung: A Non-Invasive, Real-Time and Multifaceted Diagnostic Tool.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe aim of this study was to use computerized analysis of the grayscale spectrum (histogram) to provide an objective assessment of the echogenicity of the fetal bowel. Moreover, we investigated the role of histogram analysis in the prenatal prediction of postnatal outcomes in fetuses with echogenic bowel (fetal echogenic bowel [FEB]).
methodsThis is a single-center retrospective study including all fetuses with a diagnosis of echogenic bowel (FEB) in the mid-second trimester between 2015 and 2021. Ultrasound images were analyzed using ImageJ software. The mean of the grayscale histograms of the bowel, liver, and iliac/femur bone was obtained for each patient, and the ratio between these structures was used to overcome gain variations. We compared these values with those of a matched control group of singleton uncomplicated pregnancies and with a group of patients referred for FEB, where the FEB was not confirmed by the expert operator (FEB false-positive).
resultsThere was a statistically significant difference between bowel/liver and bowel/bone histogram ratios between the FEB group and the control groups (p < 0.05). Mean ratio cutoffs were provided for the diagnosis of FEB. Among the patients with confirmed FEB, both ratios were not able to discriminate the cases with adverse outcomes. In contrast, the presence of dilated bowel or other markers was associated with an adverse outcome.
conclusionsHistogram analysis may refine the diagnosis of FEB and reduce the number of false-positive diagnoses. For the prediction of the fetal outcome, the presence of additional features is clinically more significant than the degree of bowel echogenicity.
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