ArticleDrug safety2024
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Adverse Event Signals Associated with Potential Inhibitors of Glutathione Peroxidase 1: A Sequence Symmetry Analysis.
Article in Drug safety, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prescribing Cascades: An Umbrella Review and Updated Systematic Review.Drugs & aging · 2026Pooled it
- Prescription cascades associated with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors use: a high-throughput sequence symmetry analysis.Age and ageing · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivePrior molecular modelling analysis identified several medicines as potential inhibitors of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) which may contribute to development or progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study investigates 40 medicines (index medicines) for signals of COPD development or progression in a real-world dataset.
methodsSequence symmetry analysis (SSA) was conducted using a 10% extract of Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) claims data between January 2013 and September 2019. Patients must have been initiated on an index medicine and a medicine for COPD development or progression within 12 months of each other. Sequence ratios were calculated as the number of patients who initiated an index medicine followed by a medicine for COPD development or progression divided by the number who initiated the index medicine second. An adjusted sequence ratio (aSR) was calculated which accounted for changes in prescribing trends. Adverse drug event signals (ADEs) were identified where the aSR lower 95% confidence interval (CI) was greater than 1.
resultsTwenty-one of 40 (53%) index medicines had at least one ADE signal of COPD development or progression. Signals of COPD development, as identified using initiation of tiotropium, were observed for atenolol (aSR 1.32, 95% CI 1.23-1.42) and naproxen (aSR 1.14, 95% CI 1.06-1.23). Several signals of COPD progression were observed, including initiation of fluticasone propionate/salmeterol following initiation of atenolol (aSR 1.44, 95% CI 1.30-1.60) and initiation of aclidinium/formoterol following initiation of naproxen (aSR 2.21, 95% CI 1.34-3.65).
conclusionADE signals were generated for several potential GPx1 inhibitors; however, further validation of signals is required in large well-controlled observational studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.