ArticleFrontiers in physics2021
Therapeutic ultrasound-enhanced immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Article in Frontiers in physics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- The mechano-immunological landscape in the tumor microenvironment: From mechanical sensing to a new therapeutic paradigm.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Co-Formulation of Pembrolizumab Murine Surrogate RMP1-14 with ImagentPharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Ultrasound-driven atherosclerosis nanomedicine: from mechanical, cavitation, and sonodynamic therapies to bedside translation.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- CAR-T cell therapy in brain malignancies: obstacles in the face of cellular trafficking and persistence.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- ATP released by ultrasound targeted microbubble cavitation induces vascular inflammation and improves immune checkpoint blockade efficacy.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Successful In Situ Targeting of Pancreatic Tumors in a Novel Orthotopic Porcine Model Using Histotripsy.Ultrasound in medicine & biology · 2023Article
- Radiation combined with ultrasound and microbubbles: A potential novel strategy for cancer treatment.Zeitschrift fur medizinische Physik · 2023Review
- Newly developed gas-assisted sonodynamic therapy in cancer treatment.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2023Review
- Neuroinflammation associated with ultrasound-mediated permeabilization of the blood-brain barrier.Trends in neurosciences · 2022Review
- Advances in Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Adult Glioblastoma: Overcoming Chemical and Physical Barriers.Cancers · 2022Review
- Current state of therapeutic focused ultrasound applications in neuro-oncology.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are designed to reinvigorate antitumor immune responses by interrupting inhibitory signaling pathways and promoting the immune-mediated elimination of malignant cells. Although ICI therapy has transformed the landscape of cancer treatment, only a subset of patients achieve a complete response. Focused ultrasound (FUS) is a noninvasive, nonionizing, deep penetrating focal therapy that has great potential to improve the efficacy of ICIs in solid tumors. Five FUS modalities have been incorporated with ICIs to explore their antitumor effects in preclinical studies, namely, high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) thermal ablation, HIFU hyperthermia, HIFU mechanical ablation, ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD), and sonodynamic therapy (SDT). The enhancement of the antitumor immune responses by these FUS modalities demonstrates the great promise of FUS as a transformative cancer treatment modality to improve ICI therapy. Here, this review summarizes these emerging applications of FUS modalities in combination with ICIs. It discusses each FUS modality, the experimental protocol for each combination strategy, the induced immune effects, and therapeutic outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.