ArticleJournal of medical Internet research2023
Medical Extended Reality Trials: Building Robust Comparators, Controls, and Sham.
Article in Journal of medical Internet research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial of At-Home Virtual Reality for People With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain on the Waiting List.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2025Trial
- Medical Extended Reality in Perioperative Medicine: A Scoping Review of Intervention Development, Feasibility Evaluation, and Translational Readiness.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Digital health · 2026Review
- Effects of early life adversity on socially learned analgesia and empathy in virtual reality.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Context-dependent placebo hypoalgesia through observational learning: the role of empathy in immersive and non-immersive environments.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Effects of childhood adversity on socially learned placebo analgesia in virtual reality: A cross-sectional study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- The Interplay Between Environment and Drug Effects: Decoding the Ecocebo Phenomenon with Virtual Technologies.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Telehealth virtual reality intervention reduces chronic pain in a randomized crossover study.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Virtual Reality-Based Food and Beverage Marketing: Potential Implications for Young People of Color, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Research Directions.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- What should constitute a control condition in psychedelic drug trials?Nature. Mental health · 2024Article
- Unveiling the Evolution of Virtual Reality in Medicine: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Hotspots and Trends over the Past 12 Years.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- What Is Medical Extended Reality? A Taxonomy Defining the Current Breadth and Depth of an Evolving Field.Journal of medical extended reality · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The explosive pace of development and research in medical extended reality (MXR) is a testament to its promise for health care and medicine. In comparison with this growth, there is a relative sparsity of rigorous clinical trials that establish the efficacy and effectiveness of these interventions. Explicating mechanisms of action across clinical areas and MXR applications is another major area of need. A primary impediment to these goals is a lack of frameworks for trial design, more specifically, the selection of appropriate controls that effectively address unique elements of MXR. This paper delineates a framework for designing controls, sham conditions, and comparators, as well as proposed considerations for MXR trial designs. Special consideration is given to the design of sham conditions. Improved designs would enable more robust findings and the development of generalizable knowledge that could be adopted across MXR interventions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.