ReviewBioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy2024
Targeting IL-6 or IL-6 Receptor in Rheumatoid Arthritis: What Have We Learned?
Review in BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular mechanisms and risk factors in rheumatoid arthritis: a comprehensive review.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Combination of Bauhinia monandra extract and laser acupuncture reduces carrageenan-induced paw edema.Lasers in medical science · 2026Article
- Recent advances in thiazole-based derivatives targeting diverse anti-inflammatory pathways.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Network Toxicology and Molecular Docking Analysis of Targets and Potential Mechanisms of PEEK-Induced Bone Resorption.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Glycan-based biological degraders targeting the cytokine immune axis.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Effect of Interleukin-6 Inhibitors on Rheumatoid Arthritis Pain: Overview of Evidence and Mechanistic Pathways.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2026Review
- The role of monoclonal antibodies against IL-6 or IL-6R in the treatment of thyroid eye disease.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Smart Hydrogel for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of proposed biosimilar RGB-19 and tocilizumab intravenously administered to adults with active rheumatoid arthritis and an inadequate response to methotrexate: a phase 3, randomised study.EULAR rheumatology open · 2026Article
- What has changed in thyroid eye disease in the last five years (2020-2025).European thyroid journal · 2026Review
- Autophagy in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Molecular Mechanisms, Diagnostic Biomarkers, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Inflammation · 2026Review
- FromFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Importance and Potential of Rare Disease Research in Pediatric Rheumatology and Beyond: Pushing Frontiers.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Review
- Targeting Aging Hallmarks with Monoclonal Antibodies: A New Era in Cancer Immunotherapy and Geriatric Medicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- circ_0002970 promotes fibroblast-like synoviocytes invasion and the inflammatory response through Hippo/YAP signaling to induce CTGF/CCN1 expression in rheumatoid arthritis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2025Article
- Sex Differences in the Regulation of Interleukins in Chronic Pain: A Widely Recognized but Difficult-to-Tackle Factor.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- STAT3 Signaling Pathway in Health and Disease.MedComm · 2025Review
- Comparative effectiveness of subcutaneous sarilumab 200 mg biweekly, subcutaneous Tocilizumab 162 mg biweekly, and intravenous Tocilizumab 8 mg/kg every 4 weeks in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective cohort study.Arthritis research & therapy · 2025Article
- Emerging Mechanisms and Biomarkers Associated with T-Cells and B-Cells in Autoimmune Disorders.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Possible Resolution of Food Allergies Following Tocilizumab-Induced Remission of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.Cureus · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The use of different pathways in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis has led to a significant decrease in the number of treatment-resistant patients. In this context, interleukin (IL)-6 inhibition has filled an important gap in rheumatoid arthritis treatment with its effectiveness and safety in both monotherapy and combinations. The process of IL-6 inhibition initiated with IL-6 receptor blockers has prompted questions regarding the potential impact and safety of different inhibitions of this pathway, such as the direct blockade of IL-6. Following the termination of the development of sirukumab because of mortality data in early studies, the investigation of olokizumab, which targets a different region of the IL-6 cytokine, has renewed the hope in this area and the safety concerns have been largely alleviated by the open-label extension data. In addition, the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab and sarilumab have led to a rapid investigation of biosimilars and new potent IL-6 receptor blockers. A comprehensive understanding of mechanisms of this pathway with further long-term clinical data and basic research may provide a decisive impact on selecting the appropriate mechanism as the first choice in personalized treatments.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.