ArticleObstetrics & gynecology science2024
Association of recurrent implantation failure and recurrent pregnancy loss with peripheral blood natural killer cells and interferon-gamma level.
Article in Obstetrics & gynecology science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of a moderate-intensity aerobic exercise intervention on systemic and uterine natural killer cells in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- Uncovering immune signatures of the endometrium in heavy menstrual bleeding: a cross-sectional study.Obstetrics & gynecology science · 2026Article
- Efficacy of glucocorticoids treatment in recurrent embryo implantation failure.Cell death discovery · 2025Review
- Correlation of VEGF, HIF-1α, and MMP2 expression in placental villi among patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion.Obstetrics & gynecology science · 2025Article
- The Impact of Inflammatory Cytokines on Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Preliminary Investigation.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Article
- Efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin in recurrent pregnancy loss: a retrospective analysis of patients with abnormal cellular immunity.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Altered Expressions ofJournal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Microbiota and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL); More than a Simple Connection.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveFetal uterine survival depends on maintaining an immune balance between the mother and fetus. This study aimed to investigate the correlation of blood peripheral natural killer (NK) cells and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) with recurrent recurrent implantation failure (RIF) and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).
methodsIn this case-control study, peripheral blood samples were obtained from three groups of RPL, RIF, and parous women without a history of abortion or infertility problems and analyzed by lymphocyte-based flow cytometry. Afterward, the levels of NK cells and IFN-γ were determined. All data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis tests.
resultsThe level of IFN-γ in the RPL group was significantly higher than that in parous women and the RIF group (P<0.05), whereas its level in the RIF group was not significantly different from the control group (P>0.05). A significant correlation was found between the levels of IFN-γ and NK cells in the RPL group (r=0.481; P=0.02). However, no significant correlation was found between the levels of IFN-γ and the active NK cells in the RPL group (P=0.08). Moreover, no significant correlation was found between the levels of NK cells (whether activated or not) and IFN-γ in the RIF patients (P>0.05).
conclusionImmune dysfunction may not be involved in implantation failure during IVF but may be involved in recurrent miscarriage, probably by increasing IFN-γ levels.
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