ArticleBMC oral health2023
Evaluation of cortical and trabecular bone structure of the mandible in patients using L-Thyroxine.
Article in BMC oral health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research progress of drug-induced osteoporosis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Review
- Advancements in bone organoids: perspectives on construction methodologies and application strategies.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Hypothyroidism and Mandibular Cortical Alterations Evaluated on Panoramic Radiography: A Cross-Sectional Study in Women.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Assessment of bone mineral density by fractal dimension in OI patients treated with bisphosphonates.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Automated fractal analysis for mandibular bone evaluation in type 1 diabetes mellitus using a novel single click approach.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Radiomorphometric Parameters in Mandibular Panoramic Radiographs of Hypothyroid Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLong-term use of L-Thyroxine (LT4), the synthetic thyroxine hormone used for thyroid hormone replacement therapy, is an important risk factor for osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences between mandibular cortical index (MCI) and trabecular bone fractal dimension (FD) values on panoramic radiographs of patients using LT4 and control subjects.
methodsA total of 142 female patients, 71 cases and 71 controls, were analyzed in the study. Ages were matched in case and control groups and the mean age was 36.6 ± 8.2 (18 to 50) years. MCI consisting of C1 (Normal Mandibular Cortex), C2 (Moderately Resorbed Mandibular Cortex) and, C3 (Severely Resorbed Cortex) scores was determined for case and control groups. Fractal analysis was performed using ImageJ on selected regions of interest from the gonial and interdental regions. The box-count method was used to calculate FD values. Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman correlation analysis were applied to compare the measurements. Statistical significance of differences was established at P < 0.05 level.
resultsFD values did not show statistically significant differences between case and control groups (p > 0.05). The mean FD in the right gonial region was 1.38 ± 0.07 in the case group and 1.38 ± 0.08 in the control group (p = 0.715). The mean FD in the right interdental region was 1.37 ± 0.06 in the cases and 1.36 ± 0.06 in the control group (p = 0.373). The mean FD in the left gonial region was 1.39 ± 0.07 in the cases and 1.39 ± 0.07 in the control group (p = 0.865). The mean FD in the left interdental region is 1.37 ± 0.06 in the cases and 1.38 ± 0.05 in the control group (p = 0.369). The most common MCI score was C1, with 62% in the cases and 83.1% in the control group. MCI scores showed a statistically significant difference between cases and controls (p = 0.016, p < 0.05). While the C2 score was higher in the cases, the C1 score was higher in the controls.
conclusionsLT4 use was not associated with the FD of mandibular trabecular bone, but was associated with MCI values of cortical bone. Further studies on larger samples with different imaging modalities and image processing methods are needed.
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