ArticleSleep2024
Genetics of sleep medication purchases suggests causality from sleep problems to psychiatric traits.
Article in Sleep, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Rare Coding Variants Reveal Distinct Genetic Architectures Across Multidimensional Sleep Phenotypes.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Causal inference in psychiatric research: how to critically evaluate and interpret mendelian randomization studies.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Insomnia Subtypes in Clinical Population According to the Insomnia Type Questionnaire (ITQ): A Multi-Centre Study in Spanish Sleep Clinics.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- The Interplay Between Sleep and Mental Health: A Genetic Perspective.Biological psychiatry · 2025Review
- How trait mindfulness protects late adolescents from stress-induced sleep problems: the unique role of mindfulness facets and gender differences.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- A scoping review of statistical methods to investigate colocalization between genetic associations and microRNA expression in osteoarthritis.Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2024Article
- Analysis of novel sleep variable highlights shared genetics of sleep and psychiatric disorders.Sleep · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesOver 10% of the population in Europe and in the United States use sleep medication to manage sleep problems. Our objective was to elucidate genetic risk factors and clinical correlates that contribute to sleep medication purchase and estimate the comorbid impact of sleep problems.
methodsWe performed epidemiological analysis for psychiatric diagnoses, and genetic association studies of sleep medication purchase in 797 714 individuals from FinnGen Release 7 (N = 311 892) and from the UK Biobank (N = 485 822). Post-association analyses included genetic correlation, co-localization, Mendelian randomization (MR), and polygenic risk estimation.
resultsIn a GWAS we identified 27 genetic loci significantly associated with sleep medication, located in genes associated with sleep; AUTS2, CACNA1C, MEIS1, KIRREL3, PAX8, GABRA2, psychiatric traits; CACNA1C, HIST1H2BD, NUDT12. TOPAZ1 and TSNARE1. Co-localization and expression analysis emphasized effects on the KPNA2, GABRA2, and CACNA1C expression in the brain. Sleep medications use was epidemiologically related to psychiatric traits in FinnGen (OR [95% (CI)] = 3.86 [3.78 to 3.94], p < 2 × 10-16), and the association was accentuated by genetic correlation and MR; depression (rg = 0.55 (0.027), p = 2.86 × 10-89, p MR = 4.5 × 10-5), schizophrenia (rg = 0.25 (0.026), p = 2.52 × 10-21, p MR = 2 × 10-4), and anxiety (rg = 0.44 (0.047), p = 2.88 × 10-27, p MR = 8.6 × 10-12).
conclusionsThese results demonstrate the genetics behind sleep problems and the association between sleep problems and psychiatric traits. Our results highlight the scientific basis for sleep management in treating the impact of psychiatric diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.