ArticleBehavioural brain research2024
Tongue and laryngeal exercises improve tongue strength and vocal function outcomes in a Pink1-/- rat model of early Parkinson disease.
Article in Behavioural brain research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tongue blade neuromuscular junction defects in old F344 rats.Respiratory physiology & neurobiology · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms and Vocalization Biomarkers in theMedical research archives · 2025Article
- Dendritic alterations precede age-related dysphagia and nucleus ambiguus motor neuron death.The Journal of physiology · 2025Article
- Effects of chemoradiation and tongue exercise on swallow biomechanics and bolus kinematics.Head & neck · 2025Article
- Vocal and tongue exercise in early to mid-stage Parkinson disease using the Pink1-/- rat.Brain research · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) causes voice and swallow dysfunction even in early stages of the disease. Treatment of this dysfunction is limited, and the neuropathology underlying this dysfunction is poorly defined. Targeted exercise provides the greatest benefit for offsetting voice and swallow dysfunction, and previous data suggest the hypoglossal nucleus and noradrenergic-locus coeruleus (LC) may be involved in its early pathology. To investigate relationships between targeted exercise and neuropathology of voice and swallow dysfunction, we implemented a combined exercise paradigm that included tongue force and vocalization exercises early in the Pink1-/- rat model. We tested the hypotheses that (1) tongue and vocal exercise improves tongue force and timing behaviors and vocalization outcomes, and (2) exercise increases optical density of serotonin (5-HT) in the hypoglossal nucleus, and tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive (Th-ir) cell counts in the LC. At two months of age Pink1-/- rats were randomized to exercise or non-exercise treatment. Age-matched wildtype (WT) control rats were assigned to non-exercise treatment. Tongue force and timing behaviors and ultrasonic vocalizations were measured at baseline (two months) and final (four months) timepoints. Optical density of 5-HT in the hypoglossal nucleus and TH-ir cell counts in the LC were obtained. Pink1-/- rats produced greater tongue forces, faster tongue contraction, and higher-intensity vocalization following exercise. There were no differences in LC TH-ir. The non-exercised Pink1-/- group had reduced density of 5-HT in the hypoglossal nucleus compared to the WT control group. The changes to tongue function and vocalization after targeted exercise suggests exercise intervention may be beneficial in early PD.
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