Observational studyJMIR public health and surveillance2023
Pretreatment HIV Drug Resistance and the Molecular Transmission Network Among HIV-Positive Individuals in China in 2022: Multicenter Observational Study.
Observational study in JMIR public health and surveillance, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic Subtypes, Pretreatment Drug Resistance, and Associated Factors Among Individuals Newly Diagnosed With HIV-1 in Zhejiang Province From 2022 to 2024: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2026Article
- Article
- Evaluation of a HIV-1 drug resistance genotyping method based on high-throughput sequencing (HTS).BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Geographical and temporal trends of HIV-1 subtypes and drug resistance in China: a nationwide study over two decades (2003-2024).The Journal of general virology · 2026Article
- Molecular transmission network and drug resistance analysis of 404 HIV-1 cases infected through commercial heterosexual contact (2020-2024).Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Analysis of HIV Drug Resistance Mutations Along With Treatment Outcomes of Efavirenz-Based Regimens in Patients With V179D/E Mutations in Guangzhou, China.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2026Article
- Article
- Grand Challenges on HIV/AIDS in China - The 5th Symposium, Yunnan 2024.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Network Dynamics and Evolutionary Drivers of HIV Drug Resistance in Eastern China, from 2022 to 2024.Viruses · 2025Article
- HIV-1 drug resistance and molecular transmission network analysis of newly diagnosed people living with HIV in Beijing, China: a retrospective study from 2015 to 2023.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Development and Spatial External Validation of a Predictive Model of Survival Based on Random Survival Forest Analysis for People Living With HIV and AIDS After Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in China: Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Characteristics of molecular epidemiology and transmitted drug resistance among newly diagnosed HIV-1 infections in Lishui, China from 2020 to 2023.Virology journal · 2025Article
- The Prevalence of Pretreatment Drug Resistance and Transmission Networks Among Newly Diagnosed HIV-1-Infected Individuals in Nanning, Guangxi, China.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Molecular transmission network analysis of newly diagnosed HIV-1 infections in Ningbo from 2018-2022.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Prevalence and transmission of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations among patients with treatment failure and newly diagnosed people in Liangshan Prefecture, China, in 2021-2023.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Impact of HIV Pretreatment Drug Resistance on Secondary Transmission Through Treatment Dropout: A Prospective Population-Based Study in Southwestern China.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Drug resistance mutations to integrase inhibitors, proteinase, and reverse transcriptase inhibitors in newly diagnosed HIV-1 infections in Hebei province, China, 2018-2022.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- HIV drug resistance and its associated factors among patients during interruption of antiretroviral therapy in China.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Drug Resistance Among Newly Diagnosed People Living with HIV-1 in Sichuan, China: A Large-Scale Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Prevalence of primary HIV-1 drug resistance among antiretroviral-naïve individuals in Togo in 2023: a national study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEmerging HIV drug resistance caused by increased usage of antiretroviral drugs (ARV) could jeopardize the success of standardized HIV management protocols in resource-limited settings.
objectiveWe aimed to characterize pretreatment HIV drug resistance (PDR) among HIV-positive individuals and risk factors in China in 2022.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted using 2-stage systematic sampling according to the World Health Organization's surveillance guidelines in 8 provincial-level administrative divisions in 2022. Demographic information and plasma samples were obtained from study participants. PDR was analyzed using the Stanford HIV drug resistance database, and the Tamura-Nei 93 model in HIV-TRACE was used to calculate pairwise matches with a genetic distance of 0.01 substitutions per site. Logistic regression was used to identify and estimate factors associated with PDR.
resultsPDR testing was conducted on 2568 participants in 2022. Of the participants, 34.8% (n=893) were aged 30-49 years, 81.4% (n=2091) were male, and 3.2% (n=81) had prior ARV exposure. The prevalence of PDR to protease and reverse transcriptase regions, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and protease inhibitors were 7.4% (n=190), 6.3% (n=163), 1.2% (n=32), and 0.2% (n=5), respectively. Yunnan, Jilin, and Zhejiang had much higher PDR incidence than did Sichuan. The prevalence of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-related drug resistance was 6.1% (n=157) for efavirenz and 6.3% (n=163) for nevirapine. Multivariable logistic regression models indicated that participants who had prior ARV exposure (odds ratio [OR] 7.45, 95% CI 4.50-12.34) and the CRF55_01B HIV subtype (OR 2.61, 95% CI 1.41-4.83) were significantly associated with PDR. Among 618 (24.2%) sequences (nodes) associated with 253 molecular transmission clusters (size range 2-13), drug resistance mutation sites included K103, E138, V179, P225, V106, V108, L210, T215, P225, K238, and A98.
conclusionsThe overall prevalence of PDR in China in 2022 was modest. Targeted genotypic PDR testing and medication compliance interventions must be urgently expanded to address PDR among newly diagnosed people living with HIV in China.
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