Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37973254›Full record

ReviewThe Lancet. Child & adolescent health2023

Improving autism identification and support for individuals assigned female at birth: clinical suggestions and research priorities.

Meng-Chuan Lai, Anouck Amestoy, Somer Bishop, Heather M Brown, Morénike Giwa Onaiwu, Alycia Halladay, Clare Harrop, Emily Hotez, Marisela Huerta, Amy Kelly and 8 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in The Lancet. Child & adolescent health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
5.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Untangling Sex and Gender Differences in Impression Management and Associated Autism Features in French Autistic Adults.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Sex differences in the global burden of autism spectrum disorders: An analysis based on GBD 2021 data.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2026
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Psychiatric Emergency Visits of Autistic Adults With or Without Documented Borderline Personality Disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 17 institutions in 6 countries.

Meng-Chuan LaiChild and Youth Mental Health Collaborative at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada; Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
Anouck AmestoyCentre for Autism Spectrum Disorders, Aquitaine Institute for Cognitive and Integrative Neurosciences, Charles Perrens Hospital, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
Somer BishopDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Heather M BrownFaculty of Education, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Morénike Giwa OnaiwuAutistic Women & Nonbinary Network, Lincoln, NE, USA; Rice University Center for the Study of Women, Gender, and Sexuality, School of Humanities, Houston, TX, USA.
Alycia HalladayAutism Science Foundation, Scarsdale, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Clare HarropDepartment of Health Sciences and TEACCH Autism Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Emily HotezDavid Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Marisela HuertaFelicity House, New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Amy KellyDevereux Advanced Behavioral Health, Villanova, PA, USA.
Dylan MillerAuxiliary Enterprises, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
Christine Wu NordahlDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and MIND Institute, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Allison B RattoCenter for Autism Spectrum Disorders, Division of Neuropsychology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Celine SaulnierNeurodevelopmental Assessment and Consulting Services, Decatur, GA, USA.
Paige M SiperSeaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Kristin SohlECHO Autism Communities, Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA.
Lonnie ZwaigenbaumDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Sylvie GoldmanDepartment of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: sg3253@cumc.columbia.edu.
University of Alberta · CACenter for Autism and Related Disorders · USCentre for Addiction and Mental Health · CAColumbia University Irving Medical Center · USCornell University · USDevereux · USGender Studies · CZIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · USNeuroDevelopment Center · USRutgers, The State University of New Jersey · USUniversité de Bordeaux · FRUniversity of California, Davis · USUniversity of California, Los Angeles · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · USUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst · USUniversity of Missouri · USUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · US

Funding

Neural and developmental trajectories of females with autism spectrum disorderR01MH127046 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI Christine Wu Nordahl · 2022 to 2026
$3.8M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH127046
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Emerging evidence suggests that the higher prevalence of autism in individuals who are assigned male than assigned female at birth results from both biological factors and identification biases. Autistic individuals who are assigned female at birth (AFAB) and those who are gender diverse experience health disparities and clinical inequity, including late or missed diagnosis and inadequate support. In this Viewpoint, an international panel of clinicians, scientists, and community members with lived experiences of autism reviewed the challenges in identifying autism in individuals who are AFAB and proposed clinical and research directions to promote the health, development, and wellbeing of autistic AFAB individuals. The recognition challenges stem from the interplay between cognitive differences and nuanced or different presentations of autism in some AFAB individuals; expectancy, gender-related, and autism-related biases held by clinicians; and social determinants. We recommend that professional development for clinicians be supported by health-care systems, professional societies, and governing bodies to improve equitable access to assessment and earlier identification of autism in AFAB individuals. Autistic AFAB individuals should receive tailored support in education, identity development, health care, and social and professional sense of belonging.

Indexed as

Autistic DisorderFemaleGender IdentityHumansInterpersonal RelationsMalePrevalenceResearch

Identifiers

PMID37973254
OpenAlexW4388679290

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.